Plantago ovata |
Plantago coronopus |
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blond plantain, desert Indian-wheat, desert plantain |
buck's-horn plantain, buck-horn plantain, cut-leaf plantain |
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Habit | Annuals; roots taproots, slender. | Annuals, sometimes biennials; roots taproots, stout. |
Stems | 0–30 mm, often branched. |
0–10 mm. |
Leaves | 10–230 × 0.5–12 mm; blade linear or narrowly elliptic, margins toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces villous or lanate to sericeous. |
20–80(–115) × 5–15 mm; blade lanceolate, margins usually 1- or 2-pinnatifid, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces villous, hairs septate, sometimes glabrate. |
Scapes | 10–400 mm, hairy, hairs woolly, long. |
decumbent, sometimes erect, 15–150(–210) mm, villous. |
Spikes | grayish or brownish, 20–400 mm, densely flowered, flowers in spirals; bracts ovate or elliptic, 1.7–4 mm, length 0.8–1.2 times sepals, apex not reached by green nerve. |
decumbent, sometimes erect, greenish, purplish, or brownish, (15–)30–300 mm, densely flowered; bracts ovate to lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, length 0.5–0.6 times sepals. |
Flowers | sepals 1.9–3.5 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 1.3–2.8 mm, base cuneate; stamens 4. |
sepals 2–3 mm; corolla radially symmetric, tube hairy, lobes reflexed, 1 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
Seeds | 2, 2–2.6 mm. |
(2–)4 (plus 1 smaller, distal one of different shape), 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 8. |
= 10, 20, 30 (all Eurasia). |
Plantago ovata |
Plantago coronopus |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Sandy deserts and steppes. | Moist, gravelly or sandy soils. |
Elevation | 0–1800 m. (0–5900 ft.) | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora); Eurasia; Africa
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CA; MA; NJ; NY; OR; PA; TX; WA; BC; MB; Greenland; Eurasia; Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America]
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Discussion | From molecular evidence, S. C. Meyers and A. Liston (2008) suggested that Plantago ovata was introduced to North America during the Pleistocene. They recognized four varieties; North American specimens can be treated as two varieties based on bract and corolla color: the inland var. fastigiata (E. Morris) S. C. Meyers & Liston (midribs of mature flower bracts green, corolla lobes without reddish brown midribs) and the coastal var. insularis (Eastwood) S. C. Meyers & Liston (midribs of mature flower bracts brown, corolla lobe midribs prominent, reddish brown). Unfortunately, these features are not easily seen on many herbarium specimens, and these taxa are not recognized here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 290. | FNA vol. 17, p. 285. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. insularis, P. insularis var. fastigiata | P. coronopus subsp. commutata |
Name authority | Forsskål: Fl. Aegypt.-Arab., 31. (1775) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 115. (1753) |
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