Plantago indica |
Plantago floccosa |
|
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plantain des sables, sand plantain |
floccose plantain |
|
Habit | Annuals; roots taproots, slender. | Perennials; caudex well developed, conspicuous, glabrous or hairy; roots several taproots, fragile. |
Stems | 100–350 mm, freely branched. |
0–30 mm. |
Leaves | cauline, opposite, 60–80 × 1–3 mm; blade linear to linear-lanceolate, margins entire or toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces hairy. |
50–220 × 9–60 mm; blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic, margins with inconspicuous teeth, veins conspicuous, surfaces hairy, adaxial surface hairs floccose, slender, 4–6 × 0.01–0.03 mm. |
Scapes | 100–650 mm, hairy. |
55–220 mm, lanate, hairs variously directed, long. |
Spikes | greenish or brownish, (50–)150–250 mm, densely flowered, eglandular; bracts proximal strongly differing from distal, ovate, 2–5(–7) mm, length 1–1.5 times sepals, proximal bracts: apex acute. |
greenish or brownish, 200–500 mm, densely flowered, flowers less crowded proximally; bracts narrowly triangular or triangular, 2–2.8 mm, lengths 0.9–1 times sepals. |
Flowers | sepals 2–3 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 2–4 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
sepals 1.9–2.7 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes erect, forming a beak, 2–2.9 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
Seeds | 2, 2–2.5 mm. |
3, 1.8–2.4 mm. |
2n | = 12. |
|
Plantago indica |
Plantago floccosa |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | Flowering spring–fall. |
Habitat | Roadsides, railroads, sandy shorelines. | Roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; CT; DE; IA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; ON; QC; Eurasia [Introduced in North America] |
FL; Mexico (Hidalgo, México, Querétaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz) [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | While considering the proposal made by W. L. Applequist (2006) to reject Plantago psyllium, the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants also decided that P. indica is a legitimate name (R. K. Brummitt 2009). A. B. Doweld and A. Shipunov (2017) published a proposal to reject P. indica in favor of P. arenaria. That proposal awaits a decision by that committee. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
According to J. Burkhalter (pers. comm.), Plantago floccosa is well established in northwestern Florida near the border with Alabama. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 288. | FNA vol. 17, p. 287. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Plantago | Plantaginaceae > Plantago |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. arenaria, P. psyllium | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 896. 1759, legitimacy of — name in question | Decaisne: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 723. (1852) |
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