Plantago indica |
Plantago eriopoda |
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plantain des sables, sand plantain |
alkali plantain, hairy fruit plantain, plantain à base velue, redwool plantain, saline plantain |
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Habit | Annuals; roots taproots, slender. | Perennials; caudex well developed, conspicuous, brown-woolly; roots taproots, thick. |
Stems | 100–350 mm, freely branched. |
0–20 mm. |
Leaves | cauline, opposite, 60–80 × 1–3 mm; blade linear to linear-lanceolate, margins entire or toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces hairy. |
(30–)50–250 × (5–)15–70 mm; blade lanceolate to elliptic, margins entire, veins conspicuous, laterals branching from base, surfaces glabrous or hairy. |
Scapes | 100–650 mm, hairy. |
(40–)50–300 mm, glabrous or hairy. |
Spikes | greenish or brownish, (50–)150–250 mm, densely flowered, eglandular; bracts proximal strongly differing from distal, ovate, 2–5(–7) mm, length 1–1.5 times sepals, proximal bracts: apex acute. |
brownish or greenish, (25–)80–500 mm, loosely flowered, rachis visible between flowers; bracts broadly ovate, 2–2.5 mm, length 0.8–1.2 times sepals. |
Flowers | sepals 2–3 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 2–4 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
sepals 2–2.5 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 1–1.5 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
Seeds | 2, 2–2.5 mm. |
2–4, 2–2.5 mm. |
2n | = 12. |
= 24. |
Plantago indica |
Plantago eriopoda |
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Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | Flowering late spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Roadsides, railroads, sandy shorelines. | Moist meadows and prairies, wetlands, marshes, fens, ditches, stream banks, saline or alkaline soils. |
Elevation | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) | 0–2900 m. (0–9500 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; CT; DE; IA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; ON; QC; Eurasia [Introduced in North America] |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; NY; OR; SD; UT; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; QC; SK; YT; Mexico (Durango)
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Discussion | While considering the proposal made by W. L. Applequist (2006) to reject Plantago psyllium, the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants also decided that P. indica is a legitimate name (R. K. Brummitt 2009). A. B. Doweld and A. Shipunov (2017) published a proposal to reject P. indica in favor of P. arenaria. That proposal awaits a decision by that committee. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 288. | FNA vol. 17, p. 286. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Plantago | Plantaginaceae > Plantago |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. arenaria, P. psyllium | P. shastensis |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 896. 1759, legitimacy of — name in question | Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 237. (1827) |
Web links |
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