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plantain des sables, sand plantain

saltmeadow plantain

Habit Annuals; roots taproots, slender. Annuals; roots taproots, slender.
Stems

100–350 mm, freely branched.

0–20 mm.

Leaves

cauline, opposite, 60–80 × 1–3 mm;

blade linear to linear-lanceolate, margins entire or toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces hairy.

45–140 × 1.5–4 mm;

blade linear, margins entire, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces sericeous, rarely lanate.

Scapes

100–650 mm, hairy.

300–1300 mm, hairy, hairs antrorse, long and short.

Spikes

greenish or brownish, (50–)150–250 mm, densely flowered, eglandular;

bracts proximal strongly differing from distal, ovate, 2–5(–7) mm, length 1–1.5 times sepals, proximal bracts: apex acute.

greenish or brownish, 70–200 mm, densely or loosely flowered, flowers in whorls or pairs;

bracts ovate, 1.5–2 mm, length 0.4–0.7 times sepals, apex acute.

Flowers

sepals 2–3 mm;

corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 2–4 mm, base obtuse;

stamens 4.

sepals 2.6–3.3 mm;

corolla bilaterally symmetric, lobes reflexed, 1.7–2.6 mm, base cordate;

stamens 4, connective slightly elongated, apex obtuse.

Seeds

2, 2–2.5 mm.

2, 2.3–2.8 mm.

2n

= 12.

Plantago indica

Plantago argyrea

Phenology Flowering late summer–fall. Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat Roadsides, railroads, sandy shorelines. Clearings in forests.
Elevation 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) 700–2900 m. (2300–9500 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CT; DE; IA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; ON; QC; Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

While considering the proposal made by W. L. Applequist (2006) to reject Plantago psyllium, the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants also decided that P. indica is a legitimate name (R. K. Brummitt 2009). A. B. Doweld and A. Shipunov (2017) published a proposal to reject P. indica in favor of P. arenaria. That proposal awaits a decision by that committee.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 288. FNA vol. 17, p. 284.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Plantago Plantaginaceae > Plantago
Sibling taxa
P. afra, P. argyrea, P. aristata, P. australis, P. canescens, P. cordata, P. coronopus, P. elongata, P. erecta, P. eriopoda, P. firma, P. floccosa, P. helleri, P. heterophylla, P. hookeriana, P. lanceolata, P. macrocarpa, P. major, P. maritima, P. media, P. ovata, P. patagonica, P. pusilla, P. rhodosperma, P. rugelii, P. sempervirens, P. sparsiflora, P. subnuda, P. tweedyi, P. virginica, P. wrightiana
P. afra, P. aristata, P. australis, P. canescens, P. cordata, P. coronopus, P. elongata, P. erecta, P. eriopoda, P. firma, P. floccosa, P. helleri, P. heterophylla, P. hookeriana, P. indica, P. lanceolata, P. macrocarpa, P. major, P. maritima, P. media, P. ovata, P. patagonica, P. pusilla, P. rhodosperma, P. rugelii, P. sempervirens, P. sparsiflora, P. subnuda, P. tweedyi, P. virginica, P. wrightiana
Synonyms P. arenaria, P. psyllium
Name authority Linnaeus: Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 896. 1759, legitimacy of — name in question E. Morris: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 111. (1900)
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