Plantago hookeriana |
Plantago maritima |
|
---|---|---|
California plantain, Hooker's plantain, tallow weed |
Alaska plantain, common plantain, goose tongue, maritime plantain, plantain maritime, salt marsh plantain, sea plantain, seaside plantain |
|
Habit | Annuals; roots taproots, slender. | Perennials, rarely annuals; caudex absent or well developed, conspicuous, glabrous or hairy; roots taproots, thick. |
Stems | 0–10 mm. |
0–40 mm, usually branched. |
Leaves | 60–120 × 4–10 mm; blade linear, margins toothed (teeth to 4 mm), rarely entire, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces villous or sericeous. |
10–220 × (1–)10–15 mm; blade linear to lanceolate, margins entire or toothed, veins not conspicuous, surfaces glabrous, sometimes hairy. |
Scapes | 280–580 mm, hairy, hairs antrorse, long and short. |
40–120 mm, glabrous or hirsute. |
Spikes | greenish or brownish, 50–180 mm, densely flowered, flowers in whorls or pairs; bracts ovate or triangular, 1.5–6 mm, length 0.6–1.4 times sepals, apex acute or acuminate. |
greenish or brownish, (15–)50–200(–290) mm, densely or loosely flowered; bracts broadly ovate, 1.5–4(–6) mm, length 0.8–1.2 times sepals. |
Flowers | sepals 2.5–4 mm; corolla bilaterally symmetric, abaxial and lateral lobes reflexed, adaxial erect, 2.2–2.5 mm, base slightly cordate; stamens 4, connective significantly elongated, apex acute. |
sepals 1.5–3.5 mm; corolla radially symmetric, tube hairy, lobes reflexed, 1–1.5 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
Seeds | 2, 2.4–3.4 mm. |
1–3, 1.5–3 mm. |
2n | = 20. |
= 24. |
Plantago hookeriana |
Plantago maritima |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Sandy soils, disturbed areas. | Marine shorelines, crevices of large rocks in sea spray, coastal and inland salt marshes, alkaline and saline flats, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–1300 m. (0–4300 ft.) | 0–800 m. (0–2600 ft.) |
Distribution |
LA; MS; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
|
AK; CA; CT; MA; ME; NH; NJ; NY; OR; RI; VA; WA; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Mexico; Central America; South America; Greenland; Eurasia; Africa
|
Discussion | Plantago maritima has been reported from Utah; no specimen supporting that report has been found. Since the 1930s, when Plantago maritima was shown to have high levels of phenotypic plasticity (J. W. Gregor and J. M. S. Lang 1950), it usually has been accepted in a broad sense. That approach is followed here, with all dwarf and loose-flowered forms (such as P. borealis and P. decipiens, respectively) included under this name. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 287. | FNA vol. 17, p. 289. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Plantago | Plantaginaceae > Plantago |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. hookeriana var. nuda | P. borealis, P. decipiens, P. juncoides, P. juncoides var. californica, P. juncoides var. decipiens, P. juncoides var. glauca, P. juncoides var. laurentiana, P. maritima subsp. borealis, P. maritima var. californica, P. maritima var. decipiens, P. maritima var. glauca, P. maritima subsp. juncoides, P. maritima var. juncoides, P. oliganthos, P. oliganthos var. fallax |
Name authority | Fischer & C. A. Meyer: Index Seminum (St. Petersburg) 1838: 39. (1839) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 114. (1753) |
Web links |
|