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arctic plantain, gray-pubescent plantain, Siberian plantain

buck's-horn plantain, buck-horn plantain, cut-leaf plantain

Habit Perennials; caudex usually woolly; roots taproots, thick. Annuals, sometimes biennials; roots taproots, stout.
Stems

0–20 mm.

0–10 mm.

Leaves

ascending, 180–250 × 6–20 mm;

blade linear to lanceolate or oblanceolate, margins entire, rarely toothed, veins conspicuous, surfaces glabrate or hairy, hairs 1 mm.

20–80(–115) × 5–15 mm;

blade lanceolate, margins usually 1- or 2-pinnatifid, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces villous, hairs septate, sometimes glabrate.

Scapes

50–230 mm, not groove-angled, hairy or glabrous.

decumbent, sometimes erect, 15–150(–210) mm, villous.

Spikes

grayish or whitish, 80–350 mm, usually densely flowered, shiny;

corolla lobes of neighboring flowers often overlapping;

bracts broadly ovate, 1.8–2 mm, length 0.9–1 times sepals.

decumbent, sometimes erect, greenish, purplish, or brownish, (15–)30–300 mm, densely flowered;

bracts ovate to lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, length 0.5–0.6 times sepals.

Flowers

sepals 2 mm, adaxial 2 nearly distinct;

corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 2 mm, base obtuse;

stamens 4.

sepals 2–3 mm;

corolla radially symmetric, tube hairy, lobes reflexed, 1 mm, base obtuse;

stamens 4.

Seeds

3–7, 1–1.8 mm.

(2–)4 (plus 1 smaller, distal one of different shape), 1–1.5 mm.

2n

= 12.

= 10, 20, 30 (all Eurasia).

Plantago canescens

Plantago coronopus

Phenology Flowering summer. Flowering summer.
Habitat Grassy, gravelly, and rocky slopes, cliffs. Moist, gravelly or sandy soils.
Elevation 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; MT; AB; BC; NT; NU; YT; Asia
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; MA; NJ; NY; OR; PA; TX; WA; BC; MB; Greenland; Eurasia; Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

N. N. Tzvelev (1983) recognized six subspecies (including two in North America) within Plantago canescens; North American material is not segregated as such here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 285. FNA vol. 17, p. 285.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Plantago Plantaginaceae > Plantago
Sibling taxa
P. afra, P. argyrea, P. aristata, P. australis, P. cordata, P. coronopus, P. elongata, P. erecta, P. eriopoda, P. firma, P. floccosa, P. helleri, P. heterophylla, P. hookeriana, P. indica, P. lanceolata, P. macrocarpa, P. major, P. maritima, P. media, P. ovata, P. patagonica, P. pusilla, P. rhodosperma, P. rugelii, P. sempervirens, P. sparsiflora, P. subnuda, P. tweedyi, P. virginica, P. wrightiana
P. afra, P. argyrea, P. aristata, P. australis, P. canescens, P. cordata, P. elongata, P. erecta, P. eriopoda, P. firma, P. floccosa, P. helleri, P. heterophylla, P. hookeriana, P. indica, P. lanceolata, P. macrocarpa, P. major, P. maritima, P. media, P. ovata, P. patagonica, P. pusilla, P. rhodosperma, P. rugelii, P. sempervirens, P. sparsiflora, P. subnuda, P. tweedyi, P. virginica, P. wrightiana
Synonyms P. septata P. coronopus subsp. commutata
Name authority Adams: Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 9: 233, plate 13, fig. 1. (1834) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 115. (1753)
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