Plantago afra |
Plantago coronopus |
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glandular plantain |
buck's-horn plantain, buck-horn plantain, cut-leaf plantain |
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Habit | Annuals; roots taproots, slender. | Annuals, sometimes biennials; roots taproots, stout. |
Stems | 100–350 mm, freely branched. |
0–10 mm. |
Leaves | cauline, opposite, 30–60 × 1–4 mm; blade linear to linear-lanceolate, margins entire or slightly toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces hairy. |
20–80(–115) × 5–15 mm; blade lanceolate, margins usually 1- or 2-pinnatifid, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces villous, hairs septate, sometimes glabrate. |
Scapes | 30–50 mm, hairy. |
decumbent, sometimes erect, 15–150(–210) mm, villous. |
Spikes | greenish or brownish, 40–65 mm, densely flowered, glandular-hairy; bracts all similar, ovate, 3–5 mm, lengths 1–1.5 times sepals. |
decumbent, sometimes erect, greenish, purplish, or brownish, (15–)30–300 mm, densely flowered; bracts ovate to lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, length 0.5–0.6 times sepals. |
Flowers | sepals 3–3.5 mm; corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 2–3 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
sepals 2–3 mm; corolla radially symmetric, tube hairy, lobes reflexed, 1 mm, base obtuse; stamens 4. |
Capsules | lanceoloid. |
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Seeds | 2, 2–3 mm. |
(2–)4 (plus 1 smaller, distal one of different shape), 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 12. |
= 10, 20, 30 (all Eurasia). |
Plantago afra |
Plantago coronopus |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Disturbed habitats. | Moist, gravelly or sandy soils. |
Elevation | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
MA; s Europe [Introduced in North America] |
CA; MA; NJ; NY; OR; PA; TX; WA; BC; MB; Greenland; Eurasia; Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America]
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Discussion | Plantago afra is known in Massachusetts from a single collection made in 1927 in Worcester County. Plantago psyllium Linnaeus (1762, not 1753), a rejected name, and P. indica Linnaeus are misapplied names that pertain here. Plantago squalida Salisbury is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 284. | FNA vol. 17, p. 285. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. coronopus subsp. commutata | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1: 168. (1762) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 115. (1753) |
Web links |
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