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glandular plantain

buck's-horn plantain, buck-horn plantain, cut-leaf plantain

Habit Annuals; roots taproots, slender. Annuals, sometimes biennials; roots taproots, stout.
Stems

100–350 mm, freely branched.

0–10 mm.

Leaves

cauline, opposite, 30–60 × 1–4 mm;

blade linear to linear-lanceolate, margins entire or slightly toothed, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces hairy.

20–80(–115) × 5–15 mm;

blade lanceolate, margins usually 1- or 2-pinnatifid, veins conspicuous or not, surfaces villous, hairs septate, sometimes glabrate.

Scapes

30–50 mm, hairy.

decumbent, sometimes erect, 15–150(–210) mm, villous.

Spikes

greenish or brownish, 40–65 mm, densely flowered, glandular-hairy;

bracts all similar, ovate, 3–5 mm, lengths 1–1.5 times sepals.

decumbent, sometimes erect, greenish, purplish, or brownish, (15–)30–300 mm, densely flowered;

bracts ovate to lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, length 0.5–0.6 times sepals.

Flowers

sepals 3–3.5 mm;

corolla radially symmetric, lobes reflexed, 2–3 mm, base obtuse;

stamens 4.

sepals 2–3 mm;

corolla radially symmetric, tube hairy, lobes reflexed, 1 mm, base obtuse;

stamens 4.

Capsules

lanceoloid.

Seeds

2, 2–3 mm.

(2–)4 (plus 1 smaller, distal one of different shape), 1–1.5 mm.

2n

= 12.

= 10, 20, 30 (all Eurasia).

Plantago afra

Plantago coronopus

Phenology Flowering summer. Flowering summer.
Habitat Disturbed habitats. Moist, gravelly or sandy soils.
Elevation 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
MA; s Europe [Introduced in North America]
from FNA
CA; MA; NJ; NY; OR; PA; TX; WA; BC; MB; Greenland; Eurasia; Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Plantago afra is known in Massachusetts from a single collection made in 1927 in Worcester County.

Plantago psyllium Linnaeus (1762, not 1753), a rejected name, and P. indica Linnaeus are misapplied names that pertain here. Plantago squalida Salisbury is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 284. FNA vol. 17, p. 285.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Plantago Plantaginaceae > Plantago
Sibling taxa
P. argyrea, P. aristata, P. australis, P. canescens, P. cordata, P. coronopus, P. elongata, P. erecta, P. eriopoda, P. firma, P. floccosa, P. helleri, P. heterophylla, P. hookeriana, P. indica, P. lanceolata, P. macrocarpa, P. major, P. maritima, P. media, P. ovata, P. patagonica, P. pusilla, P. rhodosperma, P. rugelii, P. sempervirens, P. sparsiflora, P. subnuda, P. tweedyi, P. virginica, P. wrightiana
P. afra, P. argyrea, P. aristata, P. australis, P. canescens, P. cordata, P. elongata, P. erecta, P. eriopoda, P. firma, P. floccosa, P. helleri, P. heterophylla, P. hookeriana, P. indica, P. lanceolata, P. macrocarpa, P. major, P. maritima, P. media, P. ovata, P. patagonica, P. pusilla, P. rhodosperma, P. rugelii, P. sempervirens, P. sparsiflora, P. subnuda, P. tweedyi, P. virginica, P. wrightiana
Synonyms P. coronopus subsp. commutata
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1: 168. (1762) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 115. (1753)
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