Flora of North America species comparison

to 4 cm, 1–4 mm wide across leafy stem, erect or sometimes prostrate, julaceous or rarely somewhat complanate-foliate.

erect or sometimes spreading, imbricate or rarely distant, ovate or oblong-ovate, symmetric, strongly concave, rarely nearly flat, 1–3 × 0.4–1.4 mm;

margins plane or often narrowly recurved nearly to apex, entire or rarely serrulate at apex;

apex abruptly acute or slender-acuminate, not abruptly contracted, often recurved;

costa with one branch often reaching mid leaf, sometimes appearing single with one branch poorly developed, or rarely ecostate;

alar cells rectangular, 28–70 × 12–22 µm, in 1–5 vertical rows, terminating in 1 cell at base, region triangular;

medial laminal cells 60–161 × 7–17 µm. Specialized asexual reproduction sometimes present as propagula, 36–110 × 9–17 µm, of 2–7 cells borne in leaf axils.

light brown to red, 1–2.6 cm, straight or somewhat curved.

dioicous, rarely fruiting.

erect to inclined, light brown to dark red when mature, straight or arcuate, 1–2.5 × 0.3–0.8 mm, smooth or often striate or wrinkled, strongly wrinkled at neck;

operculum rostrate, 0.8–1 mm;

endostome cilia 1–3.

9–14 µm.