Flora of North America species comparison

green or yellow-green, crisped and contorted when dry, flat when moist, elliptic, broadly elliptic, or sometimes obovate or oblong, (3.5–)4–7(–10) mm;

base long-decurrent;

margins toothed to near base, teeth sharp or occasionally blunt, of 1–2(–3) cells;

apex obtuse, rounded, acute, acuminate, or rarely retuse, mucronate or cuspidate, cusp sometimes toothed;

costa percurrent or excurrent;

medial laminal cells usually elongate, short-elongate, or occasionally ± isodiametric, (35–)50–65(–85) µm, less than 1/2 size near margins, in longitudinal or diagonal rows, collenchymatous, walls pitted;

marginal cells linear, in 2–4 rows.

light to dark green, sometimes black with age, crisped and contorted when dry, flat or sometimes weakly undulate in older leaves when moist, broadly elliptic or ovate, 2.5–4(–7) mm;

base not or weakly decurrent;

margins weakly toothed distally or to near base, occasionally entire, teeth blunt, of 1 (or 2) cells;

apex broadly rounded, truncate, or retuse, rarely emarginate, apiculate or rarely cuspidate, cusp smooth;

costa percurrent, short-excurrent, or rarely subpercurrent;

medial laminal cells short-elongate or ± isodiametric, 22–35(–45) µm, slightly smaller near margins, in indistinct longitudinal or diagonal rows, strongly collenchymatous, walls not pitted;

marginal cells linear or sometimes short-linear, in 3–5 rows.

(1–)3(–7), yellow to reddish or orange with age, 2–5 cm.

1–4, yellow, reddish with age, 1.5–3(–4) cm.

synoicous.

synoicous.

pendent, oblong, cylindric, or narrow-ovoid, 3–4.5 mm, neck not distinct;

operculum conic-apiculate.

horizontal to pendent, cylindric or oblong-cylindric, 2.5–4.5 mm, neck not distinct;

operculum rostrate.

20–36 µm.

22–33 µm.

stems 2–4 cm, not dendroid;

sterile stems to 8 cm.

stems 1–2 cm, not dendroid;

sterile stems to 6 cm.