Flora of North America species comparison

dark green or yellow-green, contorted when dry, flat when moist, obovate, ± diamond-shaped or occasionally elliptic, 3–5 mm;

base broadly long-decurrent;

margins toothed from about mid leaf to apex, teeth sharp, of 1 (or 2) cells;

apex acute or acuminate, long-cuspidate, cusp sometimes toothed;

costa percurrent or excurrent;

medial laminal cells short-elongate or ± isodiametric, 20–30(–40) µm, slightly smaller near margins, occasionally in longitudinal rows, rarely in diagonal rows, strongly collenchymatous, walls not pitted;

marginal cells linear, in 2–4(–5) rows.

light green or yellow-green, moderately contorted when dry, flat when moist, obovate or sometimes elliptic, 2–6 mm;

base long-decurrent;

margins toothed from about mid leaf to apex, sometimes to just below mid leaf, teeth sharp, of 1–2(–3) cells;

apex acuminate or acute, occasionally obtuse or rounded, short- to long-cuspidate, cusp toothed;

costa percurrent, excurrent, or rarely subpercurrent;

medial laminal cells ± isodiametric or short-elongate, 30–50(–60) µm, much smaller near margins, often less than 1/2 size, in longitudinal, not diagonal rows, not or weakly collenchymatous, walls not pitted;

marginal cells linear, in 2–4 rows.

single, yellow, brown, or sometimes reddish, 2–3 cm.

1–3(–4), yellow to reddish brown, 1.2–3 cm.

synoicous.

synoicous.

pendent, ovoid or cylindric, 2–3.5 mm, neck not distinct;

operculum conic-apiculate.

horizontal to pendent, ovoid or obovoid, 2–3 mm, neck not distinct;

operculum conic-apiculate.

18–31 µm.

18–25 µm.

stems 1–2(–3.5) cm, not dendroid;

sterile stems to 7 cm.

stems 1–4 cm, not dendroid;

sterile stems to 7 cm.