Piptochaetium stipoides
Piptochaetium avenacioides
purple spear grass, stipoid ricegrass
Florida speargrass
20-60 cm, erect to ascending;
nodes 2-4, dark, glabrous.
70-130 cm, mostly glabrous, sometimes pubescent below the nodes;
nodes yellowish, glabrous.
glabrous or hispidulous towards the collar;
ligules 0.8-2 mm, glabrous, abaxial surfaces scabridulous, margins occasionally ciliate;
blades (5)14-30 cm long, 0.2-0.4 mm wide, linear, glabrous or villous, margins scabridulous.
glabrous;
ligules blunt to acute, of basal leaves 0.4-0.7 mm, of upper leaves to 3 mm;
blades 15-30 cm long, 0.8-1.5 mm wide, usually involute and 0.5 mm in diameter, 3-veined, abaxial surfaces usually glabrous and smooth, sometimes scabrous, adaxial surfaces usually scabrous over the veins, sometimes smooth, sometimes hairy.
4-15 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, with 10-70 spikelets;
branches ascending, scabridulous;
pedicels 1-11 mm, hispid.
10-31 cm, open, with 10-50 spikelets;
pedicels 15-20 mm, scabrous.
subequal, 4-8.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, purple towards the base, glabrous, 5-veined, apices aristulate;
florets 2.3-4(5) mm long, 0.8-2.3 mm thick, obovoid, globose to laterally compressed;
calluses 0.5-0.6 mm, blunt, hairs white to golden tan;
lemmas shiny, glabrous, striate, dark brown to black at maturity, wholly smooth to conspicuously verrucose or sharply papillose, at least distally, constricted below the crown;
crowns well-developed, 0.6-1.6 mm wide, distal margins slightly to strongly revolute, inner surfaces densely covered with hooks and hairs;
awns 15-25 mm, eccentric, twice-geniculate, tardily deciduous;
paleas 2.5-5 mm;
lodicules 2, linear;
anthers about 0.5 mm.
15-22 mm, (3)5-veined;
florets 13.5-22 mm long, 1-2 mm thick, terete;
calluses 3.5-8 mm, sharp, strigose, hairs golden brown at maturity;
lemmas glabrous, tan to brown at maturity, mostly smooth, sharply tuberculate distally, contracted below the crown;
crowns 0.6-0.7 mm wide, hairy, hairs 0.2-0.6 mm;
awns 62-120 mm, persistent, twice-geniculate;
paleas 9-12 mm;
lodicules 2;
anthers 4-7 mm.
1.5-2.5 mm, spherical to ellipsoid.
= unknown.
= unknown.
Piptochaetium stipoides
Piptochaetium avenacioides
Piptochaetium stipoides is native to South America. There is one known population in the Flora region, in Marin County, California, which grows with P. setosum in a meadow adjacent to an old dirt road. The origin of the population is not known; it has been suggested that the seeds might have been brought in by birds, as the area was a bird refuge at one time.
The Californian plants belong to Piptochaetium stipoides (Trin. & Rupr.) Hack. var. stipoides, which differs from the only other variety recognized by Cialdella and Arriaga (1998), P. stipoides var. echinulatum Parodi, in having lemmas that are mostly smooth as well as a less revolute crown.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Piptochaetium avenacioides grows in dry woods, generally on sandy ridges. It is endemic to Florida, growing primarily in the central peninsula. Morph-ologically, it is very similar to P. avenaceum, differing only in its larger size and more restricted distribution.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
CA
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
