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flat-spur piperia, mountain piperia, royal rein orchid

chaparral rein-orchid, Cooper's rein orchid

Habit Plants 12–57 cm. Plants 14–90 cm.
Stems

basally swollen above tuberoid, 0.7–4.5 mm diam. distal to leaves;

bracts 3–15.

attenuate toward tuberoid, fistulous, 1–8 mm diam. distal to leaves;

bracts 3–12.

Leaves

prostrate;

blade 6–19 × 1–4.5 cm.

erect-spreading;

blade 9–20(–27) × 1.5–3.1 cm.

Inflorescences

± densely flowered, 3.5–32 cm;

rachis ± length of peduncle;

bracts 3–12 mm.

sparsely flowered, (3–)10–40(–56) cm;

rachis at least as long as peduncle;

bracts 3–16 mm.

Flowers

± white with green or yellow-green midveins, fragrance nocturnal, strong, clovelike;

sepals 2.5–4.5 × 1–2 mm;

dorsal sepal projecting forward between petals, oblong to lanceolate;

lateral sepals reflexed-spreading, obliquely oblong-lanceolate;

petals reflexed-spreading, oblique to falcate, oblong, 2–5 × 1–2 mm;

lip straight to ± deflexed, oblong to ovate-elliptic, 2.2–5.3 × 1–2.5 mm;

spur ± horizontal, straight, 7–12 mm;

viscidia oblong, 0.5–0.7 × 0.2–0.3 mm;

rostellum blunt.

green, fragrance nocturnal, honeylike;

sepals 2.3–4 × 1.2–2.5 mm;

dorsal sepal spreading to recurved, oblong to ovate;

lateral sepals lanceolate to oblong;

petals projecting to ± erect-spreading, asymmetrically triangular-ovate, 2.6–3.8 × 1.2–2 mm;

lip deflexed, triangular-ovate, 1.6–4 × 1.6–3.5 mm;

spur horizontal to deflexed, narrowly cylindric, 3–6(–9) mm;

viscidia ovate to oblong, 0.35–0.6 × 0.2–0.4 mm;

rostellum blunt.

Capsules

4–13 mm.

4–12 mm.

Seeds

cinnamon brown.

blackish brown.

2n

= 42.

Piperia transversa

Piperia cooperi

Phenology Flowering late May–Aug. Flowering Mar–May.
Habitat Conifer and mixed evergreen forest, oak woodlands, chaparral Chaparral and coastal scrub
Elevation 0–2600 m (0–8500 ft) 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Piperia transversa is pollinated by geometrid moths (J. D. Ackerman 1977).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Piperia cooperi and P. michaelii have very similar flowers, and their blackish brown seeds are unique in the genus. A few specimens from the Santa Monica Mountains, California, described as P. lancifolia Rydberg, have flowers with spurs of intermediate length (6–9 mm).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 573. FNA vol. 26.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Orchideae > subtribe Orchidinae > Piperia Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Orchideae > subtribe Orchidinae > Piperia
Sibling taxa
P. candida, P. colemanii, P. cooperi, P. elegans, P. elongata, P. leptopetala, P. michaelii, P. unalascensis, P. yadonii
P. candida, P. colemanii, P. elegans, P. elongata, P. leptopetala, P. michaelii, P. transversa, P. unalascensis, P. yadonii
Synonyms Habenaria cooperi, P. lancifolia
Name authority Suksdorf: Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 43. (1906) (S. Watson) Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 636. (1901)
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