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chaparral orchid, dense flower rein orchid, wood rein-orchid

pearl orchid, slender white piperia, white-flower rein-orchid

Habit Plants (9–)14–130 cm. Plants 10–60 cm.
Stems

± uniform toward tuberoid, 1–12 mm diam. distal to leaves;

bracts 4–22.

uniform toward base, 0.7–3.5 mm diam. distal to leaves;

bracts 2–5(–10).

Leaves

prostrate;

blade 7.5–32 × 1–8.4 cm.

prostrate to erect-spreading;

blade 5–18 × 1.1–3.5 cm.

Inflorescences

sparsely to densely flowered, (3.5–)6–70 cm;

rachis usually longer than peduncle;

bracts 5–20 mm.

sparsely flowered, ± secund, (2–)10–30 cm;

rachis shorter than or equal to peduncle;

bracts 3–10 mm.

Flowers

green;

fragrance when present nocturnal, faint, harsh to honeylike;

sepals 2.4–6 × 1.1–3 mm;

dorsal sepal ovate;

lateral sepals spreading to recurved, ± obliquely lanceolate to oblong;

petals erect-spreading, ± falcate, ovate-attenuate, 3–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm, inner margins forming U;

lip becoming strongly deflexed, triangular-lanceolate, 2.1–5 × 1.2–3.4 mm;

spur curved, mostly deflexed, (7–)9–15(–18) mm;

viscidia broadly elliptic-ovate, 0.4–0.6 × (0.2–)0.3–0.4 mm;

rostellum blunt.

white, fragrance faint, harsh to honeylike;

sepals oblong-elliptic, 1.8–3.5(–4.5) × 1–1.9 mm;

dorsal sepal projecting to ± recurved;

lateral sepals deflexed, ± twisted;

petals usually projecting forward and ± connivent, white, midvein faintly green, asymmetrically lanceolate, 2–4 × 1 mm;

lip recurved, triangular-ovate, (1.5–)2–3(–4 mm) × 1–2.8 mm;

spur curved, tapered, 1.5–4 mm;

viscidia broadly elliptic to ovate, 0.3–0.6 × 0.2–0.4 mm;

rostellum ± elongate.

Capsules

4–11 mm.

5–9 mm.

Seeds

cinnamon brown.

cinnamon brown.

2n

= 42.

= 42.

Piperia elongata

Piperia candida

Phenology Flowering May–Sep. Flowering late spring–summer (May–Aug).
Habitat Forest chaparral, dry, open sites, usually away from the immediate coast Conifer and mixed evergreen forests, chaparral, sometimes on serpentine soils, not more than 150 km from coast
Elevation 0–1600 m (0–5200 ft) 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; CA; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Plants of the California Channel Islands are smaller, have narrower viscidia than typical plants, and flower earlier (May–June).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The flowers in Piperia candida are more completely white and more ephemeral than in any other member of the genus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 576. FNA vol. 26, p. 574.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Orchideae > subtribe Orchidinae > Piperia Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Orchideae > subtribe Orchidinae > Piperia
Sibling taxa
P. candida, P. colemanii, P. cooperi, P. elegans, P. leptopetala, P. michaelii, P. transversa, P. unalascensis, P. yadonii
P. colemanii, P. cooperi, P. elegans, P. elongata, P. leptopetala, P. michaelii, P. transversa, P. unalascensis, P. yadonii
Synonyms Habenaria elegans var. elata, Habenaria unalascensis subsp. elata, Habenaria unalascensis var. elata, P. elegans var. elata
Name authority Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 270. (1901) Rand. Morgan & Ackerman: Lindleyana 5: 207, figs. 1H–N, 2. (1990)
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