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hoja santa, Vera Cruz pepper

pepper family

Habit Shrubs or subshrubs (rarely herbaceous), reclining, 2-5 m, glabrous.
Stems

simple or branched;

vascular bundles in more than 1 ring or scattered.

Leaves

blade ovate, 20-35×17-20 cm, base narrowly and deeply obliquely cordate, apex abruptly short-acuminate to acute;

surfaces abaxially and adaxially minutely pubescent, most conspicuously so along veins.

blade: margins entire.

Inflorescences

terminal, opposite leaves, or axillary, spikes.

Spikes

12-25 cm.

Flowers

bisexual;

perianth absent, each flower subtended by peltate bract;

stamens 2-6, hypogynous, anthers 2-locular;

pistil 1, 1- or 3-4-carpellate;

ovary 1-locular, superior;

placentation basal;

ovule 1;

stigmas usually 3-4.

Fruits

not seen.

drupelike.

Seed

1;

endosperm scanty;

perisperm abundant;

embryo minute.

Small

trees, shrubs, or perennial or annual herbs, often rhizomatous, sometimes aromatic, glabrous, pubescent, or glandular-dotted, terrestrial or epiphytic.

Piper auritum

Piperaceae

Phenology Flowering all year.
Habitat Thickets
Elevation 0-20 m [0-70 ft]
Distribution
from USDA
Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America [Introduced, Fla.]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Primarily tropical and subtropical regions worldwide
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Piper auritum has been collected as "wild" in Broward County, Florida.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Genera 15, species 2000 (2 genera, 9 species in the flora).

Lepianthes peltata (Linnaeus) Rafinesque, a soft-wooded shrub to ca. 2 m, included by some authors in Piper or Pothomorphe, has been collected as "growing wild" in Dade County, Florida (A. Herndon, pers. comm.). Lepianthes differs from Piper by its erect habit, by having axillary inflorescences, and by the spikes arranged in umbels.

This family should receive careful taxonomic and nomenclatural study.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Parent taxa Piperaceae > Piper
Sibling taxa
P. aduncum
Subordinate taxa
Peperomia, Piper
Key
1. Small trees, shrubs, subshrubs, or rarely herbs; floral bracts fringed with whitish hairs.
Piper
1. Herbs; floral bracts glabrous or glandular-dotted.
Peperomia
Name authority Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 54. (1816) C. Agardh
Source FNA vol. 3. Treatment author: David E. Boufford. FNA vol. 3, p. 39. Treatment author: David E. Boufford.
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