Pinus sylvestris |
Pinus quadrifolia |
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pin d'écosse, Scotch pine, Scots pine |
four-needle pinyon, nut pine, Parry pine, Parry pinyon, Parry pinyon pine, piñón, piñón de California |
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Habit | Trees to 10m; trunk to 0.5m diam., straight, much branched; crown dense, becoming rounded. | |
Bark | red-brown, irregularly furrowed and cross-checked to irregularly rectangular, plates scaly. |
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Branches | spreading to ascending, persistent to trunk base; twigs slender, pale orange-brown, puberulent-glandular, aging brown to gray-brown. |
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Buds | ovoid, light red-brown, ca. 0.4–0.5cm, slightly resinous. |
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Leaves | (3–)4(–5) per fascicle, persisting 3–4 years, (2–)3–6cm × (1–)1.2–1.7mm, curved, connivent, stiff, green to blue-green, margins entire to minutely scaly-denticulate, finely serrulate, apex subulate, adaxial surfaces mostly strongly whitened with stomatal bands, abaxial surface not so but 2 subepidermal resin bands evident; sheath 0.5–0.6cm, scales soon recurved, forming rosette, shed early. |
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Pollen cones | ovoid, ca. 10mm, yellowish. |
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Seed(s) | cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid to depressed-globose when open, (3–)4–8(–10)cm, pale yellow-brown, sessile to short-stalked, apophyses thickened, strongly raised, diamond-shaped, transversely keeled, umbo subcentral, low-pyramidal or sunken, blunt. |
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Pinus sylvestris |
Pinus quadrifolia |
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Habitat | Dry rocky sites | |
Elevation | 1200–1800m (3900–5900ft) | |
Distribution |
North America; Eurasia
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CA; Mexico in Baja California
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Discussion | Varieties ca. 20 (1 introduced in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pinus quadrifolia is the rarest pinyon in the flora. It hybridizes naturally with P. monophylla. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Pinaceae > Pinus | Pinaceae > Pinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. cembroides var. parryana, P. juarezensis, P. parryana | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1000. (1753) | Parlatore ex Sudworth: U.S.D.A. Div. Forest. Bull. 14: 17. (1897) |
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