Pinus strobus
Pinus radiata
eastern white pine, northern white pine, pin blanc, soft pine, Weymouth pine, white pine
insignis pine, Monterey pine
gray-brown, deeply furrowed, with long, irregularly rectangular, scaly plates.
gray, deeply V-furrowed, furrow bases red, ridges irregularly elongate-rectangular, their flattened surfaces scaly.
whorled, spreading-upswept;
twigs slender, pale red-brown, glabrous or pale puberulent, aging gray, ±smooth.
level to downcurved or ascending, poorly self-pruning;
twigs slender, red-brown, sometimes glaucous, aging gray, rough.
ovoid-cylindric, light red-brown, 0.4–0.5cm, slightly resinous.
ovoid to ovoid-cylindric, red-brown, ca. 1.5cm, resinous.
5 per fascicle, spreading to ascending, persisting 2–3 years, 6–10cm × 0.7–1mm, straight, slightly twisted, pliant, deep green to blue-green, pale stomatal lines evident only on adaxial surfaces, margins finely serrulate, apex abruptly acute to short-acuminate;
sheath 1–1.5cm, shed early.
(2–)3 in a fascicle, spreading-ascending, persisting 3–4 years, (8–)9–15(–20)cm × 1.3–1.8(–2)mm, straight, slightly twisted, deep yellow-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins serrulate, apex conic-subulate;
sheath (1–)1.5–2cm, base persistent.
ellipsoid, 10–15mm, yellow.
ellipsoid-cylindric, 10–15mm, orange-brown.
cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, clustered, pendent, symmetric, cylindric to lance-cylindric or ellipsoid-cylindric before opening, ellipsoid-cylindric to cylindric or lance-cylindric when open, (7–)8–20cm, gray-brown to pale brown, with purple or gray tints, stalks 2–3cm;
apophyses slightly raised, resinous at tip;
umbo terminal, low.
cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter, but often serotinous and persistent 6–20 years, solitary to whorled, spreading to recurved, curved, very asymmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid when open, 7–14cm, pale red-brown and lustrous, scales rigid, stalks to 1cm;
apophyses toward outer cone base increasingly mammillate, those on inward cone side and middle and apex of cone more level;
umbo central, mostly depressed, with small central boss or occasionally with slender, deciduous prickle.
=24.
=24.
Pinus strobus
Pinus radiata
Pinus strobus is an important timber tree; because of extensive lumbering, few uncut stands remain. It was once prized as a source for ship masts, and large tracts of it were reserved for the Royal Navy during colonial times.
Pinus strobus var. chiapensis appears to be as Martínez saw it: a clinal variant that, compared to the type variety, has finer leaves, different resin canal distribution, and heavier cones when cones of similar sizes are compared.
Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) is the provincial tree of Ontario and the state tree of Maine and Michigan.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Pinus radiata has an extremely narrow natural range: three coastal areas in California (one in San Mateo and Santa Cruz counties, one in Monterey County, and one in San Luis Obispo County) and off the coast of Baja California, Mexico (Guadalupe Island and debatably also on Cedros Island). Some natural populations of the species are under protection. Along the California coast it has escaped from cultivation, and from there into southern coastal Oregon it shows signs of naturalizing.
Pinus radiata is a much better-formed tree and of greater silvicultural value within its introduced range (Africa, Australia, Europe, and New Zealand, where it is a principal timber tree) than in its native range. It hybridizes naturally with P. attenuata (P. × attenuiradiata Stockwell & Righter).
Of conservation concern.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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