Pinus strobiformis |
Pinus strobus |
|
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Chihuahua white pine, Mexican white pine, pino enano, Southwestern white pine |
eastern white pine, northern white pine, pin blanc, soft pine, Weymouth pine, white pine |
|
Habit | Trees to 30m; trunk to 0.9m diam., slender, straight; crown conic, becoming rounded to irregular. | Trees to 67m; trunk to 1.8m diam., straight; crown conic, becoming rounded to flattened. |
Bark | gray, aging red-brown, furrowed, with narrow, irregular, scaly ridges. |
gray-brown, deeply furrowed, with long, irregularly rectangular, scaly plates. |
Branches | spreading-ascending; twigs slender, pale red-brown, puberulous or glabrous, sometimes glaucous, aging gray or gray-brown, smooth. |
whorled, spreading-upswept; twigs slender, pale red-brown, glabrous or pale puberulent, aging gray, ±smooth. |
Buds | ellipsoid, red-brown, ca. 1cm, resinous. |
ovoid-cylindric, light red-brown, 0.4–0.5cm, slightly resinous. |
Leaves | 5 per fascicle, spreading to ascending-upcurved, persisting 3–5 years, 4–9cm × 0.6–1mm, straight, slightly twisted, pliant, dark green to blue-green, abaxial surface without evident stomatal lines, adaxial surfaces conspicuously whitened by narrow stomatal lines, margins sharp, razorlike and entire to finely serrulate, apex narrowly acute to short-subulate; sheath 1.5–2cm, shed early. |
5 per fascicle, spreading to ascending, persisting 2–3 years, 6–10cm × 0.7–1mm, straight, slightly twisted, pliant, deep green to blue-green, pale stomatal lines evident only on adaxial surfaces, margins finely serrulate, apex abruptly acute to short-acuminate; sheath 1–1.5cm, shed early. |
Pollen cones | cylindric, ca. 6–10mm, pale yellow-brown. |
ellipsoid, 10–15mm, yellow. |
Seed(s) | cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, pendent, symmetric, lance-cylindric before opening, broadly lance-cylindric when open, 15–25cm, creamy brown to light yellow-brown, stalks to 6cm; apophyses somewhat thickened, strongly cross-keeled, tip reflexed; umbo terminal, low. |
cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, clustered, pendent, symmetric, cylindric to lance-cylindric or ellipsoid-cylindric before opening, ellipsoid-cylindric to cylindric or lance-cylindric when open, (7–)8–20cm, gray-brown to pale brown, with purple or gray tints, stalks 2–3cm; apophyses slightly raised, resinous at tip; umbo terminal, low. |
2n | =24. |
=24. |
Pinus strobiformis |
Pinus strobus |
|
Habitat | Arid to moist summit elevations, montane forests | Mesic to dry sites |
Elevation | 1900–3000m (6200–9800ft) | 0–1500m (0–4900ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; n Mexico
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CT; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Mexico; Central America in Guatemala
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Discussion | In the northern part of the range, Pinus strobiformis overlaps P. flexilis and reportedly hybridizes with it. On average P. strobiformis has longer, more slender leaves and thinner, more spreading-tipped apophyses than are found in P. flexilis, and stomatal bands are not evident on the abaxial surface of its leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pinus strobus is an important timber tree; because of extensive lumbering, few uncut stands remain. It was once prized as a source for ship masts, and large tracts of it were reserved for the Royal Navy during colonial times. Pinus strobus var. chiapensis appears to be as Martínez saw it: a clinal variant that, compared to the type variety, has finer leaves, different resin canal distribution, and heavier cones when cones of similar sizes are compared. Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) is the provincial tree of Ontario and the state tree of Maine and Michigan. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Pinaceae > Pinus | Pinaceae > Pinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. ayacahuite var. brachyptera, P. ayacahuite var. reflexa, P. ayacahuite var. strobiformis, P. flexilis var. reflexa, P. reflexa | P. chiapensis, P. strobus var. chiapensis, Strobus strobus |
Name authority | Engelmann: in Wislizenus, Mem. Tour N. Mexico 102. (1848) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1001. (1753) |
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