Pinus resinosa
Pinus longaeva
Norway pine, pin rouge, red pine
bristlecone pine, Great Basin bristlecone pine, intermountain bristlecone pine
light red-brown, furrowed and cross-checked into irregularly rectangular, scaly plates.
red-brown, shallowly to deeply fissured with thick, scaly, irregular, blocky ridges.
spreading-ascending;
twigs moderately slender (to 1cm thick), orange- to red-brown, aging darker brown, rough.
contorted, pendent;
twigs pale red-brown, aging gray to yellow-gray, puberulent, young branches resembling long bottlebrushes because of persistent leaves.
ovoid-acuminate, red-brown, to ca. 2cm, resinous;
scale margins fringed.
ovoid-acuminate, pale red-brown, ca. 1cm, resinous.
2 per fascicle, straight or slightly twisted, brittle, breaking cleanly when bent, deep yellow-green, all surfaces with narrow stomatal bands, margins serrulate, apex short-conic, acute;
sheath 1–2.5cm, base persistent.
mostly 5 per fascicle, upcurved, persisting 10–30 years, 1.5–3.5cm × 0.8–1.2mm, mostly connivent, deep yellow-green, with few resin splotches but often scurfy with pale scales, abaxial surface without median groove but with 2 subepidermal but evident resin bands, adaxial surfaces conspicuously whitened with stomates, margins entire or remotely and finely serrulate distally, apex bluntly acute to short-acuminate;
sheath ca. 1cm, soon forming rosette, shed early.
ellipsoid, ca. 15mm, dark purple.
cylindro-ellipsoid, 7–10mm, purple-red.
cones maturing and opening in 2 years, spreading, symmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid to nearly globose when open, 3.5–6cm, light red-brown, nearly sessile;
apophyses slightly thickened, slightly raised, transversely low-keeled;
umbo central, centrally depressed, unarmed.
cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, lance-cylindric with rounded base before opening, lance-cylindric to narrowly ovoid when open, 6–9.5cm, purple, aging red-brown, nearly sessile;
apophyses much thickened, sharply keeled;
umbo central, raised on low buttress, truncate to umbilicate, abruptly narrowed to slender but stiff, variable prickle 1–6mm, resin exudate pale.
=24.
Pinus resinosa
Pinus longaeva
Pinus resinosa was once the most important timber pine in the Great Lakes region.
Norway pine (Pinus resinosa) is the state tree of Minnesota.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Pinus longaeva is considered by dendrochronologists to be the longest-lived tree. One tree was estimated to be 5000 years old.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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