Pinus quadrifolia |
Pinus pungens |
|
---|---|---|
four-needle pinyon, nut pine, Parry pine, Parry pinyon, Parry pinyon pine, piñón, piñón de California |
hickory pine, mountain pine, prickley pine, table mountain pine |
|
Habit | Trees to 10m; trunk to 0.5m diam., straight, much branched; crown dense, becoming rounded. | Trees to 12m; trunk to 0.6m diam., straight to crooked, erect to leaning, poorly self-pruning; crown irregularly rounded or flattened. |
Bark | red-brown, irregularly furrowed and cross-checked to irregularly rectangular, plates scaly. |
red- to gray-brown, irregularly checked into scaly plates. |
Branches | spreading to ascending, persistent to trunk base; twigs slender, pale orange-brown, puberulent-glandular, aging brown to gray-brown. |
horizontally spreading; twigs slender, orange- to yellow-brown, aging darker brown, rough. |
Buds | ovoid, light red-brown, ca. 0.4–0.5cm, slightly resinous. |
ovoid to cylindric, red-brown, 0.6–0.9cm, resinous. |
Leaves | (3–)4(–5) per fascicle, persisting 3–4 years, (2–)3–6cm × (1–)1.2–1.7mm, curved, connivent, stiff, green to blue-green, margins entire to minutely scaly-denticulate, finely serrulate, apex subulate, adaxial surfaces mostly strongly whitened with stomatal bands, abaxial surface not so but 2 subepidermal resin bands evident; sheath 0.5–0.6cm, scales soon recurved, forming rosette, shed early. |
2(–3) per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 3 years, 3–6(–8)cm × 1–1.5mm, twisted, deep yellow-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins harshly serrulate, apex acute to short-acuminate; sheath 0.5–1cm, base persistent. |
Pollen cones | ovoid, ca. 10mm, yellowish. |
ellipsoid, ca. 15mm, yellow. |
Seed(s) | cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid to depressed-globose when open, (3–)4–8(–10)cm, pale yellow-brown, sessile to short-stalked, apophyses thickened, strongly raised, diamond-shaped, transversely keeled, umbo subcentral, low-pyramidal or sunken, blunt. |
cones maturing in 2 years, variably serotinous, mostly whorled, downcurved, asymmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid when open, (4–)6–10cm, gray- to pale red-brown, nearly sessile or on stalks to 1cm; apophyses thickened, diamond-shaped, strongly keeled, elongate, mammillate at cone base abaxially; umbo central, a stout, curved, sharp claw. |
2n | =24. |
|
Pinus quadrifolia |
Pinus pungens |
|
Habitat | Dry rocky sites | Dry, mostly sandy or shaly uplands, Appalachians and associated Piedmont |
Elevation | 1200–1800m (3900–5900ft) | 500–1350m (1600–4400ft) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico in Baja California
|
DE; GA; MD; NC; NJ; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
|
Discussion | Pinus quadrifolia is the rarest pinyon in the flora. It hybridizes naturally with P. monophylla. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pinus pungens is a scrub pine and is too small and knotty to be much utilized except for pulpwood and firewood. Its common name refers to a general type of landform, not to a specific, named mountain. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Pinaceae > Pinus | Pinaceae > Pinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. cembroides var. parryana, P. juarezensis, P. parryana | |
Name authority | Parlatore ex Sudworth: U.S.D.A. Div. Forest. Bull. 14: 17. (1897) | Lambert: Ann. Bot. (London) 2: 198. (1805) |
Web links |