Flora of North America species comparison

yellow- to red-brown, deeply irregularly furrowed, cross-checked into broadly rectangular, scaly plates.

gray to salmon or cinnamon, platy or irregularly deep-fissured or with irregular blocky plates.

descending to spreading-ascending;

twigs stout (to 2cm thick), orange-brown, aging darker orange-brown, rough.

contorted, ascending to descending;

twigs red-brown, aging gray to drab yellow-gray, glabrous or puberulent, young branches resembling long bottlebrushes because of persistent leaves.

ovoid, to 2cm, fully 1cm broad, red-brown, very resinous;

scale margins white-fringed.

ovoid-acuminate, red-brown, 0.8–1cm, resinous.

2–5 per fascicle, spreading to erect, persisting (2–)4–6(–7) years, 7–25(–30)cm × (1–)1.2–2mm, slightly twisted, tufted at twig tips, pliant, deep yellow-green, all surfaces with evident stomatal lines, margins serrulate, apex abruptly to narrowly acute or acuminate;

sheath 1.5–3cm, base persistent.

5 per fascicle, upcurved, persisting 10–30 years, 1.5–4cm × 1–1.4mm, mostly connivent, deep blue- to deep yellow-green, abaxial surface without median groove but usually with 2 subepidermal but evident resin bands, adaxial surfaces conspicuously whitened by stomates, margins mostly entire to blunt, apex broadly acute to acuminate;

sheath 0.5–1cm, soon forming rosette, shed early.

ellipsoid-cylindric, 1.5–3.5cm, yellow or red.

ellipsoid, ca. 6–10mm, red.

cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter, leaving rosettes of scales on branchlets, solitary or rarely in pairs, spreading to reflexed, symmetric to slightly asymmetric, conic-ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid when open, 5–15cm, mostly reddish brown, sessile to nearly sessile, scales in steep spirals (as compared to Pinus jeffreyi) of 5–7 per row as viewed from side, those of cones just prior to and after cone fall spreading and reflexed, thus well separate from adjacent scales;

apophyses dull to lustrous, thickened and variously raised and transversely keeled;

umbo central, usually pyramidal to truncated, rarely depressed, merely acute, or with a very short apiculus, or with a stout-based spur or prickle.

cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, lance-cylindric with conic base before opening, broadly lance-ovoid or ovoid to cylindric or ovoid-cylindric when open, 6–9(–11)cm, purple, aging red-brown, nearly sessile;

apophyses much thickened, rounded, larger toward cone base;

umbo central, usually depressed;

prickle absent or weak, to 1mm, resin exudates amber.

=24.