Flora of North America species comparison

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Pinus muricata

Bishop pine
Habit Trees to 24m; trunk to 0.9m diam., straight to contorted; crown becoming rounded, flattened, or irregular.
Bark

dark gray, deeply furrowed, ridges long, scaly-plated.
Branches

spreading-ascending, often contorted;

twigs stout to slender, orange-brown, aging darker brown, rough.
Buds

ovoid-cylindric, dark brown, 1–2.5cm, resinous.
Leaves

2 per fascicle, spreading to upcurved, persisting 2–3 years, 8–15cm × (1.2–)1.5(–2)mm, slightly twisted, dark yellow-green, all surfaces with stomatal lines, margins strongly serrulate, apex abruptly conic-acute;

sheath to 1.5cm, base persistent.
Pollen cones

ellipsoid, to 5mm, orange.
Seed(s)

cones maturing in 3 years, serotinous, long-persistent, mostly in whorls, mostly asymmetric, lanceoloid-ovoid before opening, curved-ovoid when open, 4–9cm, glossy bright to pale red-brown, sessile or on stalks to 1cm, mostly downcurved, scales with deep red-brown border distally on adaxial surface;

apophyses much thickened, the abaxial ones progressively more angulately dome-shaped toward base of cone;

umbo central, a stout-based, curved claw.
2n

=24.

Pinus muricata
Habitat Dry ridges to coastal, windshorn forests, often in or around bogs
Elevation 0–300m (0–1000ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; Mexico in Baja California
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The several varieties described for Pinus muricata reflect the high variability in leaf characters and in degree of elaboration of apophysis and umbo in this species. The extremes can sometimes occur together.

Of conservation concern.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 2.
Parent taxa Pinaceae > Pinus
Sibling taxa
P. albicaulis, P. aristata, P. attenuata, P. balfouriana, P. banksiana, P. cembroides, P. clausa, P. contorta, P. coulteri, P. echinata, P. edulis, P. elliottii, P. engelmannii, P. flexilis, P. glabra, P. jeffreyi, P. lambertiana, P. leiophylla, P. longaeva, P. monophylla, P. monticola, P. palustris, P. ponderosa, P. pungens, P. quadrifolia, P. radiata, P. resinosa, P. rigida, P. sabiniana, P. serotina, P. strobiformis, P. strobus, P. sylvestris, P. taeda, P. torreyana, P. virginiana, P. washoensis
Synonyms P. muricata var. borealis, P. muricata var. cedrosensis, P. muricata var. stantonii, P. radiata var. binata, P. remorata
Name authority D. Don: Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 17: 441. (1836)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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