Flora of North America species comparison

red-brown, irregularly furrowed or cross-checked, scaly.

red-brown to purple-red, deeply furrowed with irregular, elongate, flat, scaly ridges.

spreading and ascending, persistent to near trunk base;

twigs stout, orange-brown, aging brown to gray, sometimes sparsely puberulent.

irregular, spreading-ascending, candelabralike;

twigs stout (1–2cm thick), greenish, aging deep gray-brown to near black, rough.

ellipsoid, light red-brown, 0.5–0.7cm, resinous;

scale margins fringed.

conic-ovoid, pale brown, to 2.5cm;

scale margins white-fringed.

1(–2) per fascicle, ascending, persisting 4–6(–10) years, 2–6cm × 1.3–2(–2.5)mm, curved, terete (though often 2-grooved), gray-green, all surfaces with stomatal lines, margins entire, apex subulate;

sheath 0.5–1cm, scales soon recurved, forming rosette, shed early.

mostly 5 per fascicle, ascending or spreading, persisting 3–4 years, 15–30cm × ca. 2mm, straight or curved, slightly twisted, dull gray-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins serrulate, apex abruptly acute;

sheath to 2cm, shed early, base persistent.

ellipsoid, ca. 10mm, yellow.

ovoid, 20–30mm, yellow.

cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly depressed-ovoid to nearly globose when open, 4–6(–8)cm, pale yellow-brown, nearly sessile;

apophyses thickened, slightly raised;

umbo subcentral, raised or depressed, nearly truncate, apiculate.

cones maturing in 3 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter, persisting to 5 years, lateral, massive, heavy, symmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid when open, 10–15cm, yellow- to red-brown, lustrous, stalks to 4cm;

apophyses thick, angulately dome-shaped, with 5 low convergent keels;

umbo central, forming short, curved-tipped pyramid.

=24.