Pinus monophylla
Pinus radiata
piñón, single leaf pinyon, single-leaf pine, singleleaf pinyon pine
insignis pine, Monterey pine
red-brown, irregularly furrowed or cross-checked, scaly.
gray, deeply V-furrowed, furrow bases red, ridges irregularly elongate-rectangular, their flattened surfaces scaly.
spreading and ascending, persistent to near trunk base;
twigs stout, orange-brown, aging brown to gray, sometimes sparsely puberulent.
level to downcurved or ascending, poorly self-pruning;
twigs slender, red-brown, sometimes glaucous, aging gray, rough.
ellipsoid, light red-brown, 0.5–0.7cm, resinous;
scale margins fringed.
ovoid to ovoid-cylindric, red-brown, ca. 1.5cm, resinous.
1(–2) per fascicle, ascending, persisting 4–6(–10) years, 2–6cm × 1.3–2(–2.5)mm, curved, terete (though often 2-grooved), gray-green, all surfaces with stomatal lines, margins entire, apex subulate;
sheath 0.5–1cm, scales soon recurved, forming rosette, shed early.
(2–)3 in a fascicle, spreading-ascending, persisting 3–4 years, (8–)9–15(–20)cm × 1.3–1.8(–2)mm, straight, slightly twisted, deep yellow-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins serrulate, apex conic-subulate;
sheath (1–)1.5–2cm, base persistent.
ellipsoid, ca. 10mm, yellow.
ellipsoid-cylindric, 10–15mm, orange-brown.
cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly depressed-ovoid to nearly globose when open, 4–6(–8)cm, pale yellow-brown, nearly sessile;
apophyses thickened, slightly raised;
umbo subcentral, raised or depressed, nearly truncate, apiculate.
cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter, but often serotinous and persistent 6–20 years, solitary to whorled, spreading to recurved, curved, very asymmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid when open, 7–14cm, pale red-brown and lustrous, scales rigid, stalks to 1cm;
apophyses toward outer cone base increasingly mammillate, those on inward cone side and middle and apex of cone more level;
umbo central, mostly depressed, with small central boss or occasionally with slender, deciduous prickle.
=24.
=24.
Pinus monophylla
Pinus radiata
Pinus monophylla hybridizes with P. edulis and P. quadrifolia.
Singleleaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla) is the state tree of Nevada.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Pinus radiata has an extremely narrow natural range: three coastal areas in California (one in San Mateo and Santa Cruz counties, one in Monterey County, and one in San Luis Obispo County) and off the coast of Baja California, Mexico (Guadalupe Island and debatably also on Cedros Island). Some natural populations of the species are under protection. Along the California coast it has escaped from cultivation, and from there into southern coastal Oregon it shows signs of naturalizing.
Pinus radiata is a much better-formed tree and of greater silvicultural value within its introduced range (Africa, Australia, Europe, and New Zealand, where it is a principal timber tree) than in its native range. It hybridizes naturally with P. attenuata (P. × attenuiradiata Stockwell & Righter).
Of conservation concern.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
CA
OR
Flora NW
PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
