Pinus monophylla |
Pinus engelmannii |
|
---|---|---|
piñón, single leaf pinyon, single-leaf pine, singleleaf pinyon pine |
Apache pine, Arizona longleaf pine, pino real |
|
Habit | Trees to 14m; trunk to 0.5m diam., strongly tapering, much branched; crown usually rounded, dense. | Trees to 35m; trunk to 0.6m diam., straight; crown irregularly rounded, rather thin. |
Bark | red-brown, irregularly furrowed or cross-checked, scaly. |
dark brown, at maturity deeply furrowed, ridges becoming yellowish, of narrow, elongate, scaly plates. |
Branches | spreading and ascending, persistent to near trunk base; twigs stout, orange-brown, aging brown to gray, sometimes sparsely puberulent. |
straight to ascending; twigs stout (1–2cm thick), pale gray-brown, aging darker brown, rough. |
Buds | ellipsoid, light red-brown, 0.5–0.7cm, resinous; scale margins fringed. |
ovoid-conic, to 2cm, resinous; scale margins pale fringed. |
Leaves | 1(–2) per fascicle, ascending, persisting 4–6(–10) years, 2–6cm × 1.3–2(–2.5)mm, curved, terete (though often 2-grooved), gray-green, all surfaces with stomatal lines, margins entire, apex subulate; sheath 0.5–1cm, scales soon recurved, forming rosette, shed early. |
3(–5) per fascicle, spreading-ascending, often drooping, forming a brush at twig tips, persisting 2 years, (20–)25–45cm × 2mm, dull green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins coarsely serrulate, apex conic-subulate; sheath 3–4cm, base persistent. |
Pollen cones | ellipsoid, ca. 10mm, yellow. |
cylindric, ca. 25mm, yellow to yellow-brown. |
Seed(s) | cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly depressed-ovoid to nearly globose when open, 4–6(–8)cm, pale yellow-brown, nearly sessile; apophyses thickened, slightly raised; umbo subcentral, raised or depressed, nearly truncate, apiculate. |
cones maturing in 2 years and shedding seeds soon thereafter, not persistent, terminal, sometimes curved, often asymmetric, lance-ovoid before opening, ovoid when open, 11–14cm, light dull brown, nearly sessile or short-stalked; apophyses rhombic, somewhat to quite elongate, strongly raised toward outer cone base, sometimes curved, strongly cross-keeled, narrowed to thick, curved, broadly triangular-based umbo, this often producing outcurved claw. |
2n | =24. |
=24. |
Pinus monophylla |
Pinus engelmannii |
|
Habitat | Dry low-montane or foothill pinyon-juniper woodland | High and dry mountain ranges, valleys, and plateaus |
Elevation | 1000–2300m (3300–7500ft) | 1500–2500m (4900–8200ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; NV; UT; Mexico in Baja California
|
AZ; NM; Mexico
|
Discussion | Pinus monophylla hybridizes with P. edulis and P. quadrifolia. Singleleaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla) is the state tree of Nevada. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In general appearance Pinus engelmannii much resembles P. palustris with its short-persistent, long leaves (but in this species drooping) and in its tendency to form a grass stage. It has a deep taproot as do P. palustris and P. ponderosa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Pinaceae > Pinus | Pinaceae > Pinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Caryopitys monophylla, P. californiarum, P. cembroides var. monophylla | P. macrophylla, P. apacheca, P. latifolia |
Name authority | Torrey & Frémont: in Frémont, Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts. 2: 319, plate 4. (1845) | Carrière |
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