Pinus monophylla |
Pinus echinata |
|
---|---|---|
piñón, single leaf pinyon, single-leaf pine, singleleaf pinyon pine |
shortleaf pine |
|
Habit | Trees to 14m; trunk to 0.5m diam., strongly tapering, much branched; crown usually rounded, dense. | Trees to 40m; trunk to 1.2m diam., straight; crown rounded to conic. |
Bark | red-brown, irregularly furrowed or cross-checked, scaly. |
red-brown, scaly-plated, plates with evident resin pockets. |
Branches | spreading and ascending, persistent to near trunk base; twigs stout, orange-brown, aging brown to gray, sometimes sparsely puberulent. |
spreading-ascending; 2-year-old branchlets slender (ca. 5mm or less), greenish brown to red-brown, often glaucous, aging red-brown to gray, roughened and cracking below leafy portion. |
Buds | ellipsoid, light red-brown, 0.5–0.7cm, resinous; scale margins fringed. |
ovoid to cylindric, red-brown, 0.5–0.7(–1)cm, resinous. |
Leaves | 1(–2) per fascicle, ascending, persisting 4–6(–10) years, 2–6cm × 1.3–2(–2.5)mm, curved, terete (though often 2-grooved), gray-green, all surfaces with stomatal lines, margins entire, apex subulate; sheath 0.5–1cm, scales soon recurved, forming rosette, shed early. |
2(–3) per fascicle, spreading-ascending, persistent 3–5 years, (5–)7–11(–13)cm × ca. 1mm, straight, slightly twisted, gray- to yellow-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins finely serrulate, apex abruptly acute; sheath 0.5–1(–1.5)cm, base persistent. |
Pollen cones | ellipsoid, ca. 10mm, yellow. |
cylindric, 15–20mm, yellow- to pale purple-green. |
Seed(s) | cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly depressed-ovoid to nearly globose when open, 4–6(–8)cm, pale yellow-brown, nearly sessile; apophyses thickened, slightly raised; umbo subcentral, raised or depressed, nearly truncate, apiculate. |
cones maturing in 2 years, semipersistent, solitary or clustered, spreading, symmetric, lanceoloid or narrowly ovoid before opening, ovoid-conic when open, 4–6(–7)cm, red-brown, aging gray, nearly sessile or on stalks to 1cm, scales lacking contrasting dark border on adaxial surfaces distally; umbo central, with elongate to short, stout, sharp prickle. |
2n | =24. |
=24. |
Pinus monophylla |
Pinus echinata |
|
Habitat | Dry low-montane or foothill pinyon-juniper woodland | Uplands, dry forests |
Elevation | 1000–2300m (3300–7500ft) | 200–610m (700–2000ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; NV; UT; Mexico in Baja California
|
AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV
|
Discussion | Pinus monophylla hybridizes with P. edulis and P. quadrifolia. Singleleaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla) is the state tree of Nevada. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Although Pinus echinata is highly valued for timber and pulpwood, it is afflicted by root rot. It hybridizes with P. taeda, the pine most commonly associated with it. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Pinaceae > Pinus | Pinaceae > Pinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Caryopitys monophylla, P. californiarum, P. cembroides var. monophylla | |
Name authority | Torrey & Frémont: in Frémont, Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts. 2: 319, plate 4. (1845) | Miller: Gard. Dict., ed. 8 Pinus no. 12. (1768) |
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