Pinus lambertiana |
Pinus elliottii |
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sugar pine |
slash pine |
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Habit | Trees to 75m; trunk to 3.3m diam., massive, straight; crown narrowly conic, becoming rounded. | Trees to 30m; trunk to 0.8m diam., straight to contorted; crown conic, becoming rounded or flattened. | ||||
Bark | cinnamon- to gray-brown, deeply furrowed, plates long, scaly. |
orange- to purple-brown, irregularly furrowed and cross-checked into large, irregularly rectangular, papery-scaly plates. |
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Branches | spreading, distal branches ascending; twigs gray-green to red-tan, aging gray, mostly puberulent. |
spreading to ascending; twigs stout (to ca. 1cm thick), orange-brown, aging darker brown, rough-scaly. |
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Buds | cylindro-ovoid, red-brown, to 0.8cm, resinous. |
cylindric, silvery brown, 1.5–2cm; scale margins fringed. |
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Leaves | 5 per fascicle, spreading to ascending, persisting 2–4 years, 5–10cm × (0.9–)1–1.5(–2)mm, straight, slightly twisted, pliant, blue-green, abaxial surface with only a few lines evident, adaxial surfaces with evident white stomatal lines, margins finely serrulate, apex acuminate; sheath (1–)1.5–2cm, shed early. |
2 or 3 per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting ca. 2 years, 15–20(–23)cm × 1.2–1.5mm, straight, slightly twisted, pliant, yellow- to blue-green, all surfaces with stomatal lines, margins finely serrulate, apex abruptly acute to acuminate; sheath 1–2cm, base persistent. |
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Pollen cones | ellipsoid-cylindric, to 15mm, yellow. |
cylindric, 30–40mm, purplish. |
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Seed(s) | cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, often clustered, pendent, symmetric, cylindric before opening, lance-cylindric to ellipsoid-cylindric when open, 25–50cm, yellow-brown, stalks 6–15cm; apophyses somewhat thickened; umbo terminal, depressed, resinous, slightly excurved. |
cones maturing in 2 years, falling the year after seed-shed, single or in pairs, symmetric, lance-ovoid before opening, ovoid or ovoid-cylindric when open, (7–)9–18(–20)cm, light chocolate brown, on stalks to 3cm; apophyses lustrous (as if varnished), slightly raised, strongly cross-keeled; umbo central, depressed-pyramidal, with short, stout prickle. |
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2n | =24. |
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Pinus lambertiana |
Pinus elliottii |
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Habitat | Montane dry to moist forests | |||||
Elevation | 330–3200m (1100–10500ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; NV; OR; Mexico in n Baja California
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; SC [Introduced in subtropical and warm temperate areas worldwide]
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Discussion | The largest species of the genus, Pinus lambertiana also has the longest seed cone in the genus. It is an important timber tree with harvest far exceeding regrowth. It is easily distinguished from P. monticola and P. strobus by its larger cones and thicker cone scales with larger seeds; it is somewhat less reliably distinguished by its leaves, which are slightly wider and more tapering-tipped and have some stomatal lines evident on the abaxial surfaces (the lines not evident in P. monticola and P. strobus). A "sugary" resin high in cyclitols exudes from the sweet-scented fresh-cut wood. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (native only in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. | ||||
Parent taxa | Pinaceae > Pinus | Pinaceae > Pinus | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | P. heterophylla, P. taeda var. heterophylla | |||||
Name authority | Douglas: Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 15: 500. (1827) | Engelmann: Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 186, plates 1–3. (1880) | ||||
Web links |