Flora of North America species comparison

dark brown, at maturity deeply furrowed, ridges becoming yellowish, of narrow, elongate, scaly plates.

dark gray, deeply furrowed, ridges long, scaly-plated.

straight to ascending;

twigs stout (1–2cm thick), pale gray-brown, aging darker brown, rough.

spreading-ascending, often contorted;

twigs stout to slender, orange-brown, aging darker brown, rough.

ovoid-conic, to 2cm, resinous;

scale margins pale fringed.

ovoid-cylindric, dark brown, 1–2.5cm, resinous.

3(–5) per fascicle, spreading-ascending, often drooping, forming a brush at twig tips, persisting 2 years, (20–)25–45cm × 2mm, dull green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins coarsely serrulate, apex conic-subulate;

sheath 3–4cm, base persistent.

2 per fascicle, spreading to upcurved, persisting 2–3 years, 8–15cm × (1.2–)1.5(–2)mm, slightly twisted, dark yellow-green, all surfaces with stomatal lines, margins strongly serrulate, apex abruptly conic-acute;

sheath to 1.5cm, base persistent.

cylindric, ca. 25mm, yellow to yellow-brown.

ellipsoid, to 5mm, orange.

cones maturing in 2 years and shedding seeds soon thereafter, not persistent, terminal, sometimes curved, often asymmetric, lance-ovoid before opening, ovoid when open, 11–14cm, light dull brown, nearly sessile or short-stalked;

apophyses rhombic, somewhat to quite elongate, strongly raised toward outer cone base, sometimes curved, strongly cross-keeled, narrowed to thick, curved, broadly triangular-based umbo, this often producing outcurved claw.

cones maturing in 3 years, serotinous, long-persistent, mostly in whorls, mostly asymmetric, lanceoloid-ovoid before opening, curved-ovoid when open, 4–9cm, glossy bright to pale red-brown, sessile or on stalks to 1cm, mostly downcurved, scales with deep red-brown border distally on adaxial surface;

apophyses much thickened, the abaxial ones progressively more angulately dome-shaped toward base of cone;

umbo central, a stout-based, curved claw.

=24.

=24.