Pinus edulis |
Pinus monticola |
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Colorado pinyon, pinyon, piñon pine, piñón, two needle pinyon pine, two-needle pinyon |
pin argenté, western white pine |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees to 21m; trunk to 0.6m diam., strongly tapering, erect; crown conic, rounded, dense. | Trees to 70m; trunk to 2.5m diam., straight; crown narrowly conic, becoming broad and flattened. |
Bark | red-brown, shallowly and irregularly furrowed, ridges scaly, rounded. |
gray, distinctly platy, plates scaly. |
Branches | persistent to near trunk base; twigs pale red-brown to tan, rarely glaucous, aging gray-brown to gray, glabrous to papillose-puberulent. |
nearly whorled, spreading-ascending; twigs slender, pale red-brown, rusty puberulent and slightly glandular (rarely glabrous), aging purple-brown or gray, smooth. |
Buds | ovoid to ellipsoid, red-brown, 0.5–1cm, resinous. |
ellipsoid or cylindric, rust-colored, 0.4–0.5cm, slightly resinous. |
Leaves | (1–)2(–3) per fascicle, upcurved, persisting 4–6 years, 2–4cm × (0.9–)1–1.5mm, connivent, 2-sided (1-leaved fascicles with leaves 2-grooved, 3-leaved fascicles with leaves 3-sided), blue-green, all surfaces marked with pale stomatal bands, particularly the adaxial, margins entire or finely serrulate, apex narrowly acute to subulate; sheath 0.5–0.7cm, scales soon recurved, forming rosette, shed early. |
5 per fascicle, spreading to ascending, persisting 3–4 years, 4–10cm × 0.7–1mm, straight, slightly twisted, pliant, blue-green, abaxial surface without evident stomatal lines, adaxial surfaces with evident stomatal lines, margins finely serrulate, apex broadly to narrowly acute; sheath 1–1.5cm, shed early. |
Pollen cones | ellipsoid, ca. 7mm, yellowish to red-brown. |
ellipsoid, 10–15mm, yellow. |
Seed(s) | cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, ovoid before opening, depressed-ovoid to nearly globose when open, ca. (3.5–)4(–5)cm, pale yellow- to pale red-brown, resinous, nearly sessile to short-stalked; apophyses thickened, raised, angulate; umbo subcentral, slightly raised or depressed, truncate or umbilicate. |
cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, clustered, pendent, symmetric, lance-cylindric to ellipsoid-cylindric before opening, broadly lanceoloid to ellipsoid-cylindric when open, 10–25cm, creamy brown to yellowish, without purple or gray tints, resinous, stalks to 2cm; umbo terminal, depressed. |
2n | =24. |
=24. |
Pinus edulis |
Pinus monticola |
|
Habitat | Dry mountain slopes, mesas, plateaus, and pinyon-juniper woodland | Montane moist forests, lowland fog forests |
Elevation | 1500–2100(–2700)m (4900–6900(–8900)ft) | 0–3000m (0–9800ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; NM; OK; TX; UT; WY; Mexico in Chihuahua
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CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WA; AB; BC
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Discussion | Pinus edulis var. fallax Little (P. californiarum subsp. fallax (Little) D.K.Bailey) appears to combine features of P. edulis and P. monophylla. More study is needed. Seeds of Pinus edulis, the commonest southwestern United States pinyon, are much eaten and traded by Native Americans. Pinyon (Pinus edulis) is the state tree of New Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pinus monticola is the most important western source for matchwood. Its wood lacks the sugary exudates seen in P. lambertiana. Western white pine (Pinus monticola) is the state tree of Idaho. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Pinaceae > Pinus | Pinaceae > Pinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Caryopitys edulis, P. cembroides var. edulis | Strobus monticola |
Name authority | Engelmann: in Wislizenus, Mem. Tour N. Mexico 88. (1848) | Douglas ex D. Don: in Lambert, Descr. Pinus [ed. 3] 2: unnumbered page between 144 and 145. (1832) |
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