Pinus echinata
Pinus jeffreyi
shortleaf pine
Jeffrey pine
red-brown, scaly-plated, plates with evident resin pockets.
yellow-brown to cinnamon, deeply furrowed and cross-checked, forming large irregular scaly plates.
spreading-ascending; 2-year-old branchlets slender (ca. 5mm or less), greenish brown to red-brown, often glaucous, aging red-brown to gray, roughened and cracking below leafy portion.
spreading-ascending;
twigs stout (to 2cm thick), purple-brown, often glaucous, aging rough.
ovoid to cylindric, red-brown, 0.5–0.7(–1)cm, resinous.
ovoid, tan to pale red-brown, 2–3cm, not resinous;
scale margins conspicuously fringed.
2(–3) per fascicle, spreading-ascending, persistent 3–5 years, (5–)7–11(–13)cm × ca. 1mm, straight, slightly twisted, gray- to yellow-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins finely serrulate, apex abruptly acute;
sheath 0.5–1(–1.5)cm, base persistent.
3 per fascicle, spreading-ascending, persisting (2–)4–6(–7) years, 12–22(–25)cm × ca. 1.5–2mm, slightly twisted, gray- to yellow-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins finely serrulate, apex acute to acuminate;
sheath (1–)1.5–2.5(–3)cm, base persistent.
cylindric, 15–20mm, yellow- to pale purple-green.
lance-cylindric, 20–35mm, yellow to yellow- or purple-brown or yellow.
cones maturing in 2 years, semipersistent, solitary or clustered, spreading, symmetric, lanceoloid or narrowly ovoid before opening, ovoid-conic when open, 4–6(–7)cm, red-brown, aging gray, nearly sessile or on stalks to 1cm, scales lacking contrasting dark border on adaxial surfaces distally;
umbo central, with elongate to short, stout, sharp prickle.
cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, nearly terminal, spreading, slightly asymmetric at base, ovoid-conic before opening, cylindro-ovoid when open, (10–)15–30cm, light red-brown, nearly sessile or on stalks to 0.5cm, abaxial surface of scales not darker than or sharply contrasting in color with adaxial surface, scales in low spirals (as compared to Pinus ponderosa) of 8 or more per row as viewed from side, those of cones just prior to and after cone fall not so spreading and deflexed, thus not so much separated from adjacent scales;
apophyses slightly thickened and raised, not keeled;
umbo central, slightly raised, with short, slender, reflexed prickle.
=24.
=24.
Pinus echinata
Pinus jeffreyi
Although Pinus echinata is highly valued for timber and pulpwood, it is afflicted by root rot. It hybridizes with P. taeda, the pine most commonly associated with it.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Pinus jeffreyi has a form very similar to that of P. ponderosa, but it is a smaller species when compared with sympatric populations of the latter. It is cut and sold under the same name as P. ponderosa, but the sweetish odor of the fresh-cut wood contrasts sharply with the turpentine odor of ponderosa pine. The resin chemistry of the two species is significantly different.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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