Pinus cembroides |
Pinus pungens |
|
---|---|---|
Mexican pinyon, pino piñonero, piñón |
hickory pine, mountain pine, prickley pine, table mountain pine |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees to 15m; trunk to 0.3m diam., strongly tapering, much branched; crown rounded. | Trees to 12m; trunk to 0.6m diam., straight to crooked, erect to leaning, poorly self-pruning; crown irregularly rounded or flattened. |
Bark | red-brown to dark brown, shallowly and irregularly furrowed, ridges broad, scaly. |
red- to gray-brown, irregularly checked into scaly plates. |
Branches | spreading-ascending; twigs red-brown, sometimes finely papillate, aging gray to gray-brown. |
horizontally spreading; twigs slender, orange- to yellow-brown, aging darker brown, rough. |
Buds | ovoid to short cylindric, pale red-brown, 0.5–1.2cm, slightly resinous. |
ovoid to cylindric, red-brown, 0.6–0.9cm, resinous. |
Leaves | (2–)3(–4) per fascicle, spreading to upcurved, persisting 3–4 years, 2–6cm × 0.6–0.9(–1)mm, connivent, 2–3-sided, blue- to gray-green, abaxial surface not conspicuously whitened with stomatal bands or if stomatal bands present, these less conspicuous than on adaxial surfaces, often with 2 subepidermal resin bands evident, adaxial surfaces conspicuously whitened with stomatal lines, margins entire to finely serrulate, apex narrowly conic or subulate; sheath 0.5–0.7cm, scales soon recurved, forming rosette, shed early. |
2(–3) per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 3 years, 3–6(–8)cm × 1–1.5mm, twisted, deep yellow-green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins harshly serrulate, apex acute to short-acuminate; sheath 0.5–1cm, base persistent. |
Pollen cones | ellipsoid, to 10mm, yellow. |
ellipsoid, ca. 15mm, yellow. |
Seed(s) | cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly depressed-ovoid to nearly globose when open, 1–3.5cm, pale yellow- to pale red-brown, resinous, nearly sessile or short-stalked; apophyses thickened, slightly domed, angulate, transversely keeled; umbo subcentral, slightly raised to depressed, truncate or umbilicate. |
cones maturing in 2 years, variably serotinous, mostly whorled, downcurved, asymmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid when open, (4–)6–10cm, gray- to pale red-brown, nearly sessile or on stalks to 1cm; apophyses thickened, diamond-shaped, strongly keeled, elongate, mammillate at cone base abaxially; umbo central, a stout, curved, sharp claw. |
2n | =24. |
=24. |
Pinus cembroides |
Pinus pungens |
|
Habitat | Pinyon-juniper woodland, foothills, mesas, tablelands | Dry, mostly sandy or shaly uplands, Appalachians and associated Piedmont |
Elevation | 700–2300m (2300–7500ft) | 500–1350m (1600–4400ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico
|
DE; GA; MD; NC; NJ; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
|
Discussion | Pinus cembroides is the common pinyon of Mexican commerce. Populations of the Edwards Plateau, Texas, are disjunct about 150km east and north of the main area of distribution of the species, and they have been described as a distinct variety, P. cembroides var. remota Little, on the basis of thin seed shell and a higher frequency of 2-leaved fascicles in contrast to the thicker seed shell and prevalently 3-leaved fascicles in Mexican pinyon populations to the west and south. The strong overlap in nearly all character states between the populations of the Edwards Plateau and other populations makes var. remota difficult to maintain. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pinus pungens is a scrub pine and is too small and knotty to be much utilized except for pulpwood and firewood. Its common name refers to a general type of landform, not to a specific, named mountain. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Pinaceae > Pinus | Pinaceae > Pinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. cembroides var. bicolor, P. cembroides var. remota, P. discolor, P. remota | |
Name authority | Zuccarini: Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 1: 392. (1832) | Lambert: Ann. Bot. (London) 2: 198. (1805) |
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