Pinus cembroides |
Pinus ponderosa |
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Mexican pinyon, pino piñonero, piñón |
bull pine, pin à bois lourd, pinabete, pino real, ponderosa pine, western yellow pine, yellow pine |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees to 15m; trunk to 0.3m diam., strongly tapering, much branched; crown rounded. | Trees to 72m; trunk to 2.5m diam., straight; crown broadly conic to rounded. | ||||||||
Bark | red-brown to dark brown, shallowly and irregularly furrowed, ridges broad, scaly. |
yellow- to red-brown, deeply irregularly furrowed, cross-checked into broadly rectangular, scaly plates. |
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Branches | spreading-ascending; twigs red-brown, sometimes finely papillate, aging gray to gray-brown. |
descending to spreading-ascending; twigs stout (to 2cm thick), orange-brown, aging darker orange-brown, rough. |
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Buds | ovoid to short cylindric, pale red-brown, 0.5–1.2cm, slightly resinous. |
ovoid, to 2cm, fully 1cm broad, red-brown, very resinous; scale margins white-fringed. |
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Leaves | (2–)3(–4) per fascicle, spreading to upcurved, persisting 3–4 years, 2–6cm × 0.6–0.9(–1)mm, connivent, 2–3-sided, blue- to gray-green, abaxial surface not conspicuously whitened with stomatal bands or if stomatal bands present, these less conspicuous than on adaxial surfaces, often with 2 subepidermal resin bands evident, adaxial surfaces conspicuously whitened with stomatal lines, margins entire to finely serrulate, apex narrowly conic or subulate; sheath 0.5–0.7cm, scales soon recurved, forming rosette, shed early. |
2–5 per fascicle, spreading to erect, persisting (2–)4–6(–7) years, 7–25(–30)cm × (1–)1.2–2mm, slightly twisted, tufted at twig tips, pliant, deep yellow-green, all surfaces with evident stomatal lines, margins serrulate, apex abruptly to narrowly acute or acuminate; sheath 1.5–3cm, base persistent. |
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Pollen cones | ellipsoid, to 10mm, yellow. |
ellipsoid-cylindric, 1.5–3.5cm, yellow or red. |
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Seed(s) | cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, ovoid before opening, broadly depressed-ovoid to nearly globose when open, 1–3.5cm, pale yellow- to pale red-brown, resinous, nearly sessile or short-stalked; apophyses thickened, slightly domed, angulate, transversely keeled; umbo subcentral, slightly raised to depressed, truncate or umbilicate. |
cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter, leaving rosettes of scales on branchlets, solitary or rarely in pairs, spreading to reflexed, symmetric to slightly asymmetric, conic-ovoid before opening, broadly ovoid when open, 5–15cm, mostly reddish brown, sessile to nearly sessile, scales in steep spirals (as compared to Pinus jeffreyi) of 5–7 per row as viewed from side, those of cones just prior to and after cone fall spreading and reflexed, thus well separate from adjacent scales; apophyses dull to lustrous, thickened and variously raised and transversely keeled; umbo central, usually pyramidal to truncated, rarely depressed, merely acute, or with a very short apiculus, or with a stout-based spur or prickle. |
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2n | =24. |
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Pinus cembroides |
Pinus ponderosa |
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Habitat | Pinyon-juniper woodland, foothills, mesas, tablelands | |||||||||
Elevation | 700–2300m (2300–7500ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico
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AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OK; OR; SD; TX; UT; WA; WY; BC; Mexico
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Discussion | Pinus cembroides is the common pinyon of Mexican commerce. Populations of the Edwards Plateau, Texas, are disjunct about 150km east and north of the main area of distribution of the species, and they have been described as a distinct variety, P. cembroides var. remota Little, on the basis of thin seed shell and a higher frequency of 2-leaved fascicles in contrast to the thicker seed shell and prevalently 3-leaved fascicles in Mexican pinyon populations to the west and south. The strong overlap in nearly all character states between the populations of the Edwards Plateau and other populations makes var. remota difficult to maintain. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pinus ponderosa is the most economically important western yellow pine. Its wood is more similar in character to the white pines, and it is often referred to as white pine. The taxonomy of this complex is far from resolved. Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) is the state tree of Montana. Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Pinaceae > Pinus | Pinaceae > Pinus | ||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | P. cembroides var. bicolor, P. cembroides var. remota, P. discolor, P. remota | |||||||||
Name authority | Zuccarini: Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 1: 392. (1832) | Douglas ex Lawson & C. Lawson: Agric. Man. 354. (1836) | ||||||||
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