Flora of North America species comparison

pale gray, from distance appearing whitish to light gray and smooth, in age separating into thin plates.

gray-brown with irregular, scaly-plated ridges, on upper sections of trunk reddish, scaly.

spreading to ascending, often persistent to trunk base;

twigs stout, pale red-brown, with light brown, often glandular puberulence, somewhat roughened by elevated scars, aging gray to pale gray-brown.

spreading-ascending to spreading-descending;

twigs slender, red- or purple-tinged, often glaucous, aging red-brown to gray, rough.

ovoid, light red-brown, 0.8–1cm;

scale margins entire.

ovoid to cylindric, red-brown, 0.6–1cm, resinous or not resinous;

scale margins white-fringed.

5 per fascicle, mostly ascending and upcurved, persisting 5–8 years, 3–7cm × 1–1.5(–2)mm, mostly connivent, deep yellow-green, abaxial surface less so, adaxial surface conspicuously whitened by stomates, margins rounded, minutely serrulate distally, apex conic-acute;

sheath 0.8–1.2cm, shed early.

2 per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 3–4 years, 2–8cm × 1–1.5mm, strongly twisted, deep to pale yellow-green, all surfaces with inconspicuous stomatal lines, margins serrulate, apex narrowly acute;

sheath 0.4–1cm, base persistent.

cylindro-ovoid, ca. 10–15mm, scarlet.

ellipsoid-cylindric, 10–20mm, red-brown or yellow.

cones remaining on tree (unless dislodged by animals), not opening naturally but through animal agency, spreading, symmetric, broadly ovoid to depressed-ovoid or nearly globose, 4–8cm, dull gray- to black-purple, sessile to short-stalked;

scales thin-based and easily broken off;

apophyses much thickened, strongly cross-keeled, tip upcurved, brown;

umbo terminal, short, incurved, broadly triangular, tip acute.

cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter, persisting to 5 years, symmetric, lance-ovoid or lanceoloid before opening, ovoid when open, 3–7(–8)cm, dull red-brown, nearly sessile or on stalks to 1cm, scales rigid, with strong purple-red or purple-brown border on adaxial surface distally;

apophyses slightly thickened, slightly elongate;

umbo central, low-pyramidal, with slender, stiff prickle.

=24.

=24.