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climbing fetterbush, vine-wicky

fetterbush

Habit Shrubs or vines, to 1 m, climbing to 10 m within fibrous bark of Taxodium or Chamaecyparis by means of flattened rhizomes that, at intervals, give rise to emergent branches; twigs multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy, otherwise sparsely to moderately unicellular-hairy. Shrubs [trees] or vines.
Stems

± terete.

± erect;

twigs multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy and, sometimes, conspicuously strigose (hairs elongate, stiff, long-celled, eglandular), otherwise sparsely to densely unicellular-hairy.

Leaves

blades ovate, elliptic, or slightly obovate, (1–)2–6(–7) × (0.3–)0.3–2(–2.7) cm, base narrowly cuneate to rounded, margins obscurely to clearly toothed, especially near apex, revolute, apex acute to rounded.

persistent or deciduous, alternate, sometimes pseudoverticillate [in whorls of 3];

blade ovate, elliptic, or slightly obovate, coriaceous, margins obscurely to clearly toothed or serrulate [entire], plane or revolute, surfaces multicellular, short-stalked stipitate-glandular-hairy (along with, in P. floribunda, stout, elongate hairs associated with marginal teeth, and unicellular-hairy on midvein adaxially);

venation brochidodromous to reticulodromous (veins of varied thickness and conspicuousness).

Inflorescences

axillary racemes, from near stem apex;

bracteoles near apex to middle of pedicel.

axillary or terminal panicles or racemes, 15–35-flowered, (borne the year preceding flowering).

Pedicels

bracteoles 2, proximal or distal.

Flowers

calyx lobes 3.5–5 × 1–1.5 mm;

corolla cylindric-urceolate, weakly 5-ridged, 6–8(–8.5) × 4–5 mm;

filaments geniculate, 4–6 mm, glabrous;

style strongly sunken into ovary apex.

sepals 5, slightly connate, ovate [oblong-lanceolate];

petals 5, connate for nearly their entire lengths, white, corolla urceolate to cylindric-urceolate, lobes short;

stamens 10, included;

filaments straight or geniculate, glabrous or hairy, with 2 stout, minutely papillose spurs at anther-filament junction;

anthers without awns, dehiscent by elliptic pores;

pistil 5-carpellate;

ovary 5-locular;

stigma capitate.

Fruits

capsular, subglobose or globose to ovoid, (with unthickened sutures), dry.

Capsules

subglobose, 2.5–4 × 3.5–5.3 mm, glabrous;

placentae central to nearly basal.

Seeds

angular-ovoid to obovoid or narrowly conic, not winged;

testa cells isodiametric.

40–100, ellipsoidal to obovoid, ± rectangular or angular-ovoid, or narrowly conic, flattened or not, (sometimes slightly winged);

testa cells elongate or isodiametric.

x

= 12.

Pieris phillyreifolia

Pieris

Phenology Flowering winter–spring.
Habitat Taxodium, Chamaecyparis, or broad-leaved swamps, wet depressions in pine forests
Elevation 0-100 m (0-300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; MS; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
se United States; West Indies (Cuba); e Asia
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Pieris phillyreifolia is the only viny member of the Ericaceae in the United States; like P. cubensis Small of Cuba and P. swinhoei Hemsley of China, it has more or less isodiametric testa cells; it has been placed in sect. Phillyreoides Bentham & Hooker f.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Ampelothamnus Small; Arcterica Coville; Portuna Nuttall

Species 7 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Inflorescences axillary racemes; capsules with placentae central to nearly basal; styles strongly sunken into ovary apex; seeds with isodiametric testa cells; filaments geniculate, glabrous; twigs multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy.
P. phillyreifolia
1. Inflorescences terminal panicles; capsules with placentae subapical; styles slightly sunken into ovary apex; seeds with elongated testa cells; filaments straight, hairy; twigs multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy and conspicuously strigose (hairs stout, elongate).
P. floribunda
Source FNA vol. 8, p. 498. FNA vol. 8, p. 497. Author: Walter S. Judd.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Pieris Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae
Sibling taxa
P. floribunda
Subordinate taxa
P. floribunda, P. phillyreifolia
Synonyms Andromeda phillyreifolia, Ampelothamnus phillyreifolius
Name authority (Hooker) de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 7: 599. 1839 , D. Don: Edinburgh New Philos. J. 17: 159. 1834 ,
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