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tropical pokeweed

red inkplant

Habit Plants to 3 m. Leaves: petiole 0.5–6 cm; blade elliptic to obovate or rarely lanceolate, to 30 × 15 cm, base obtuse to attenuate, apex acute. Plants to 2 m. Leaves: petiole 0.5–3 cm; blade lanceolate to elliptic, to 22 × 7.5 cm, base obtuse to attenuate, apex acute to acute-acuminate, sometimes mucronate.
Inflorescences

spikes or spikelike, surpassing subtending leaves, to 30 cm;

peduncle to 10 cm;

pedicel 0.5–2 mm.

axillary or terminal spikes or spikelike, equaling or shorter than subtending leaves, to 14 cm;

peduncle to 3 cm;

pedicel absent or to 2 mm.

Flowers

sepals 5, white or pink to pale reddish, broadly elliptic, equal, to 3 × 2 mm;

stamens (8–)10–22(–30), usually in 2 whorls;

carpels mostly 6–10, connate;

ovary 6–10-loculed.

sepals 5, white to pinkish or reddish, oblong to ovate, subequal, 2–3 × 1.2–2 mm;

stamens (7–)8–10, in 1 whorl;

carpels 7–10, connate;

ovary 7–10-loculed.

Berries

purple-black, 7–8 mm diam.

greenish, 4.5–6 mm diam.

Seeds

black, thickly lenticular, 2.5–3 mm, shiny.

black, lenticular, 2 mm, shiny.

Phytolacca icosandra

Phytolacca octandra

Phenology Flowering summer–winter. Flowering summer–fall northward, probably year-round southward.
Habitat Disturbed areas, chrome ore piles Disturbed areas
Elevation 10-1800 m (0-5900 ft) 200-1000 m (700-3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; MD; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; WI; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Asia; Africa; Pacific Islands
Discussion

Some authors (e.g., J. I. Davis 1985) include Phytolacca octandra in the synonymy of P. icosandra.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Phytolacca octandra is a species with nearly worldwide distribution. It is closely similar to, and perhaps not specifically distinct from, P. icosandra (J. I. Davis 1985).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4, p. 9. FNA vol. 4, p. 9.
Parent taxa Phytolaccaceae > Phytolacca Phytolaccaceae > Phytolacca
Sibling taxa
P. acinosa, P. americana, P. bogotensis, P. heterotepala, P. octandra
P. acinosa, P. americana, P. bogotensis, P. heterotepala, P. icosandra
Name authority Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1040. (1759) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1: 631. (1762)
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