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tropical pokeweed

southern pokeweed

Habit Plants to 3 m. Leaves: petiole 0.5–6 cm; blade elliptic to obovate or rarely lanceolate, to 30 × 15 cm, base obtuse to attenuate, apex acute. Plants to 2 m. Leaves: petiole 0.5–3(–4) cm; blade broadly lanceolate to elliptic, to 18 × 7 cm, base obtuse to attenuate, apex acute to acuminate.
Racemes

dense, proximalmost pedicels sometimes bearing 2–few flowers, to 20 cm;

peduncle to 5(–8) cm;

pedicel 2–4 mm.

Inflorescences

spikes or spikelike, surpassing subtending leaves, to 30 cm;

peduncle to 10 cm;

pedicel 0.5–2 mm.

Flowers

sepals 5, white or pink to pale reddish, broadly elliptic, equal, to 3 × 2 mm;

stamens (8–)10–22(–30), usually in 2 whorls;

carpels mostly 6–10, connate;

ovary 6–10-loculed.

sepals 5, white to red, oblong to ovate, subequal, 2–3 × 1.2–2 mm;

stamens 7–12, in 1 whorl (rarely, partial 2d whorl present);

carpels 7–10, fully connate or sometimes connate only in proximal 1/2;

ovary 7–10-loculed.

Berries

purple-black, 7–8 mm diam.

green-brown becoming dark brown, 5–8 mm diam.

Seeds

black, thickly lenticular, 2.5–3 mm, shiny.

black, thickly lenticular, 2.5–3.3 mm, shiny.

2n

= 36.

Phytolacca icosandra

Phytolacca bogotensis

Phenology Flowering summer–winter. Flowering; fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Disturbed areas, chrome ore piles Chrome ore piles
Elevation 10-1800 m (0-5900 ft) 10 m (0 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; MD; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
MD; South America [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Some authors (e.g., J. I. Davis 1985) include Phytolacca octandra in the synonymy of P. icosandra.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4, p. 9. FNA vol. 4, p. 8.
Parent taxa Phytolaccaceae > Phytolacca Phytolaccaceae > Phytolacca
Sibling taxa
P. acinosa, P. americana, P. bogotensis, P. heterotepala, P. octandra
P. acinosa, P. americana, P. heterotepala, P. icosandra, P. octandra
Name authority Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1040. (1759) Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 183. (1817)
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