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Fremont County twinpod, Rocky Mountain or Fremont County twinpod

Graham's twinpod

Habit Perennials; caudex usually simple; (silvery) pubescent throughout, trichome rays furcate. Perennials; caudex branched, (thick, cespitose); densely pubescent, trichomes rays (appressed on leaves, ascending on pedicels and fruits), distinct, furcate or bifurcate.
Stems

several from base, prostrate to decumbent, 0.3–1 dm.

several from base, decumbent to erect or ascending (unbranched), 1–2.5 dm.

Basal leaves

(rosulate; petiole winged);

blade orbicular to broadly obovate, 1.5–3 cm, margins entire or with broad, obscure toothlike angles each side at apex, (apex obtuse, surfaces densely pubescent, trichomes appressed).

(outer ones spreading, inner erect or ascending);

blade ovate, often broadly so, 4–7 cm, margins repand to lyrate-lobed.

Cauline leaves

blade broadly spatulate to linear-oblanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire.

similar to basal, blade oblanceolate or narrowly oblong, reduced in size, (base gibbous).

Racemes

condensed, (subumbellate to slightly more elongated, few-flowered).

loose, (elongated).

Flowers

sepals (yellowish, often with some purple), narrowly lanceolate, 5–6 mm;

petals spatulate, 7.3–9.2 mm, (not clawed).

sepals lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 5.8–7.2 mm;

petals (erect, sometime purplish or drying purple), narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, 7–10 mm, (not or weakly clawed).

Fruiting pedicels

(divaricate-ascending, straight to slightly curved), 6–10 mm.

(ascending to divaricate-ascending, sigmoid to nearly straight), 10–17 mm.

Fruits

didymous, irregular, suborbicular, deeply bilobed, inflated in age, 10–12 × 12–15 mm, (papery, basal sinus absent or obsolete, apical sinus deep);

valves (retaining seeds after dehiscence), densely pubescent, trichomes spreading, (ovaries and immature fruit downy);

replum narrowly ovate to broadly oblong, not narrowed at middle, as wide as or wider than fruit, apex acute to obtuse;

ovules 4 per ovary;

style 3–7 mm.

didymous, globose or subglobose, inflated, 10–13 mm, (papery, basal and apical sinuses deep);

valves (retaining seeds after dehiscence), pubescent, trichomes ascending, appearing fuzzy;

replum oblong to oblanceolate, as wide as or wider than fruit, apex obtuse;

ovules 4 per ovary;

style (4–)5–7 mm.

Seeds

flattened.

plump, (suborbicular).

Physaria saximontana

Physaria grahamii

Phenology Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Sagebrush, pinyon-juniper, ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, limber pine communities on clay, or a mixture of shale fragments and clay
Elevation 2100-2900 m (6900-9500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
MT; WY
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
UT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Physaria saximontana (especially subsp. dentata) is morphologically similar to 22. P. didymocarpa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Physaria grahamii is difficult to evaluate due to the paucity of collections. The tentative recognition by N. H. Holmgren (2005b) is followed here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Basal leaf blades: margins entire, apices rounded to angled; styles 3-5 mm.
subsp. saximontana
1. Basal leaf blades: margins dentate (teeth broad), apices angled; styles 4-7 mm.
subsp. dentata
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 661. FNA vol. 7, p. 642.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria
Sibling taxa
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. kingii, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. gracilis, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. kingii, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
Subordinate taxa
P. saximontana subsp. dentata, P. saximontana subsp. saximontana
Synonyms P. acutifolia var. purpurea, P. acutifolia var. repanda, P. repanda
Name authority Rollins: Contr. Gray Herb. 214: 13. (1984) C. V. Morton: Ann. Carnegie Mus. 26: 220. (1937)
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