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King bladderpod, King's bladder-pod

spreading bladderpod

Habit Perennials; caudex usually simple, sometimes branched, (not thickened); usually densely pubescent, trichomes (sessile or short-stalked), 3–7-rayed, rays distinct or slightly fused at base, typically furcate near base, bifurcate or 3-partite, (not to slightly umbonate, smooth or moderately to strongly tuberculate). Annuals or biennials; (delicate, wiry); with a fine taproot; pubescent, trichomes (sessile or subsessile), 4–7-rayed, rays distinct, usually furcate, occasionally bifurcate, (smooth to somewhat tuberculate).
Stems

few to several from base, prostrate to decumbent or erect, 0.5–2(–4) dm.

simple to several from base, erect, often outer decumbent, (unbranched or branched distally), 1–7 dm.

Basal leaves

blade suborbicular to narrowly or broadly oblanceolate to broadly elliptic or rhombic, (1.2–)2–6(–8) cm, (base usually abruptly narrowed to petiole), margins entire, sinuate, or lobed.

blade oblanceolate to elliptic, 1.5–8(–11.5) cm, margins lyrate-pinnatifid to dentate or repand, (abaxial surface densely pubescent, adaxial sparsely pubescent).

Cauline leaves

(proximal petiolate, distal sessile);

blade obovate or elliptic to spatulate, 0.5–2 cm, margins entire.

(proximal petiolate, distal sessile);

blade oblanceolate to oblong, 1–7 cm, margins dentate to repand.

Racemes

(usually not secund), dense, (sometimes elongated in fruit).

loose, (elongated).

Flowers

sepals lanceolate, 4–6(–7) mm;

petals (yellow, cream-yellow, cream-white, or white), obovate to oblanceolate, 6–13 mm, (claw weakly differentiated from blade).

sepals elliptic or broadly ovate, 3–6.5(–8) mm, (median pair slightly thickened apically, cucullate);

petals (yellow to orange), broadly obovate, 6–11 mm, (narrowing gradually to short claw).

Fruiting pedicels

(erect to divaricate-ascending or recurved, erect in distal 1/3, usually sigmoid, sometimes straight or slightly curved), 4.5–10(–15) mm.

(usually divaricate-spreading, sometimes horizontal or shallowly recurved, straight or slightly curved), (7–)10–20(–25) mm, (slender or stout).

Fruits

(sessile or substipitate), subglobose, obovoid, or ellipsoid, compressed (sometimes slightly angustiseptate), 3–9 mm, (rigid, apex truncate, retuse, or rounded-acute);

valves sparsely or densely pubescent, sometimes sparsely pubescent inside; (septum sometimes fenestrate, perforate, or obsolete);

ovules 4–16 per ovary;

style 1–9 mm.

(stipitate or subsessile, gynophore 1–2 mm), globose, subglobose, obpyriform, or obovoid, not or slightly inflated, 3–9 mm;

valves (not retaining seeds after dehiscence), glabrous throughout or sparsely pubescent inside;

replum as wide as or wider than fruit;

ovules 8–20(–28) per ovary;

style 2–4.5 mm.

Seeds

flattened (sometimes slightly).

slightly flattened.

Physaria kingii

Physaria gracilis

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; NV; OR; UT; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; IA; IL; KS; LA; MO; MS; OK; TN; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 7 (7 in the flora).

The Physaria kingii complex is in need of further study. It is widespread in the western United States, mostly in montane environments. This treatment recognizes a highly variable species with generally well-marked, geographically coherent subspecies. Hybridization may be involved in some of the subspecies, especially in subsp. kaibabensis, where molecular data indicate intra-individual genetic variation (pers. obs.).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Fruits slightly wider than long, apices truncate or retuse, valves pubescent inside
→ 2
1. Fruits as wide as or longer than wide, apices rounded-acute, valves glabrous inside
→ 3
2. Basal leaf blades: margins ± entire (sometimes slightly lobed or widened at base); California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon.
subsp. kingii
2. Basal leaf blades: margins sinuate or lobed, or, sometimes, lyrate; Wallowa and Elkhorn mountains, Oregon.
subsp. diversifolia
3. Fruiting pedicels recurved.
subsp. cobrensis
3. Fruiting pedicels not recurved (divaricate-ascending or ± erect, straight or sigmoid)
→ 4
4. Petals cream-white or white; styles 1-2 mm; Kaibab Plateau, n Arizona.
subsp. kaibabensis
4. Petals yellow (occasionally cream-yellow or cream-white on Kaibab Plateau, Arizona); styles (4-)4.5-9 mm; n Arizona (including Kaibab Plateau), California, Nevada, Utah
→ 5
5. Plants erect; styles 6-9 mm; ovules 4-8 per ovary; se California.
subsp. bernardina
5. Plants ascending, erect, decumbent, or prostrate; styles (4-)4.5-7 mm; ovules (6-)8-16 per ovary; n Arizona, e California, s Nevada, Utah
→ 6
6. Plants prostrate, decumbent, or erect; racemes not or somewhat secund in fruit; ovules usually 8-16 per ovary; n Arizona, e California, s Nevada, Utah.
subsp. latifolia
6. Plants ascending; racemes secund in fruit; ovules (6-)8-12 per ovary; n Utah.
subsp. utahensis
1. Stems to 7 dm; cauline leaves: blade margins usually deeply dentate, rarely repand; fruits ± sessile, globose or subglobose, 3-6 mm, bases rounded.
subsp. gracilis
1. Stems usually less than 3 dm; cauline leaves: blade margins frequently repand, occasionally dentate; fruits stipitate (gynophore slender), obpyriform to narrowly obovoid, (5-)6-9 mm, bases truncate.
subsp. nuttallii
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 645. FNA vol. 7, p. 641.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria
Sibling taxa
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. grahamii, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. kingii, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
Subordinate taxa
P. kingii subsp. bernardina, P. kingii subsp. cobrensis, P. kingii subsp. diversifolia, P. kingii subsp. kaibabensis, P. kingii subsp. kingii, P. kingii subsp. latifolia, P. kingii subsp. utahensis
P. gracilis subsp. gracilis, P. gracilis subsp. nuttallii
Synonyms Vesicaria kingii, Lesquerella kingii Vesicaria gracilis, Alyssum gracile, Lesquerella gracilis
Name authority (S. Watson) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 324. (2002) (Hooker) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 323. (2002)
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