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King bladderpod, King's bladder-pod

double bladderpod, pointleaf twinpod, Rydberg's twinpod, sharpleaf twinpod

Habit Perennials; caudex usually simple, sometimes branched, (not thickened); usually densely pubescent, trichomes (sessile or short-stalked), 3–7-rayed, rays distinct or slightly fused at base, typically furcate near base, bifurcate or 3-partite, (not to slightly umbonate, smooth or moderately to strongly tuberculate). Perennials; caudex branched, (sometimes forming a thick crown, cespitose); (silvery) pubescent throughout, trichomes several-rayed, rays furcate, (moderately tuberculate, rays weakly so).
Stems

few to several from base, prostrate to decumbent or erect, 0.5–2(–4) dm.

several from base, usually somewhat decumbent, (unbranched), (0.4–)0.5–2 dm.

Basal leaves

blade suborbicular to narrowly or broadly oblanceolate to broadly elliptic or rhombic, (1.2–)2–6(–8) cm, (base usually abruptly narrowed to petiole), margins entire, sinuate, or lobed.

(petiole slender, often narrowly winged);

blade obovate to orbicular or rhombic-orbicular, 2–9 cm, (base abruptly narrowed to petiole), margins usually entire, rarely with few scattered teeth, (apex rounded or obtuse, sometimes with apical mucro).

Cauline leaves

(proximal petiolate, distal sessile);

blade obovate or elliptic to spatulate, 0.5–2 cm, margins entire.

blade spatulate to oblanceolate, 1–3 cm, margins entire, (apex usually obtuse).

Racemes

(usually not secund), dense, (sometimes elongated in fruit).

loose, (elongated in fruit).

Flowers

sepals lanceolate, 4–6(–7) mm;

petals (yellow, cream-yellow, cream-white, or white), obovate to oblanceolate, 6–13 mm, (claw weakly differentiated from blade).

sepals linear-oblong, 4–7.5 mm;

petals spatulate, 6–11 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

(erect to divaricate-ascending or recurved, erect in distal 1/3, usually sigmoid, sometimes straight or slightly curved), 4.5–10(–15) mm.

(divaricate, slightly sigmoid or nearly straight), 6–12 mm.

Fruits

(sessile or substipitate), subglobose, obovoid, or ellipsoid, compressed (sometimes slightly angustiseptate), 3–9 mm, (rigid, apex truncate, retuse, or rounded-acute);

valves sparsely or densely pubescent, sometimes sparsely pubescent inside; (septum sometimes fenestrate, perforate, or obsolete);

ovules 4–16 per ovary;

style 1–9 mm.

(erect), didymous, suborbicular, inflated, (4–)6–15 × (4–)8–20 mm, (papery, basal and apical sinuses similar, basal rarely shallower, apical deep, narrow and closed or nearly so);

valves retaining seeds after dehiscence, pubescent, trichomes appressed;

replum oblong, constricted, 2–3.5 mm, narrower than fruit, apex obtuse;

ovules (2 or) 4 per ovary;

style 4–6(–9) mm.

Seeds

flattened (sometimes slightly).

(dark brown), flattened, (2–3 mm).

2n

= 10, 16, 24.

Physaria kingii

Physaria acutifolia

Phenology Flowering May–Jun(-Jul).
Habitat Hillsides, roadcuts, sagebrush, pinyon-juniper, Gambel oak, ponderosa pine communities
Elevation 1500-3500 m (4900-11500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; NV; OR; UT; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; SD; UT; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 7 (7 in the flora).

The Physaria kingii complex is in need of further study. It is widespread in the western United States, mostly in montane environments. This treatment recognizes a highly variable species with generally well-marked, geographically coherent subspecies. Hybridization may be involved in some of the subspecies, especially in subsp. kaibabensis, where molecular data indicate intra-individual genetic variation (pers. obs.).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Physaria acutifolia tends to be somewhat dwarfed, with a branched caudex and especially long styles (var. stylosa), where it grows at high elevations, especially at the western end of the Uinta Mountains in Utah. Intermediates form an uninterrupted cline and no infraspecific taxa are here recognized. In R. C. Rollins (1939), the discussion of P. acutifolia actually pertains to P. rollinsii. The discussion of P. australis pertains to what is now known as P. acutifolia. The plants are usually found in open soil patches, rarely into the subalpine or alpine tundra.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Fruits slightly wider than long, apices truncate or retuse, valves pubescent inside
→ 2
1. Fruits as wide as or longer than wide, apices rounded-acute, valves glabrous inside
→ 3
2. Basal leaf blades: margins ± entire (sometimes slightly lobed or widened at base); California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon.
subsp. kingii
2. Basal leaf blades: margins sinuate or lobed, or, sometimes, lyrate; Wallowa and Elkhorn mountains, Oregon.
subsp. diversifolia
3. Fruiting pedicels recurved.
subsp. cobrensis
3. Fruiting pedicels not recurved (divaricate-ascending or ± erect, straight or sigmoid)
→ 4
4. Petals cream-white or white; styles 1-2 mm; Kaibab Plateau, n Arizona.
subsp. kaibabensis
4. Petals yellow (occasionally cream-yellow or cream-white on Kaibab Plateau, Arizona); styles (4-)4.5-9 mm; n Arizona (including Kaibab Plateau), California, Nevada, Utah
→ 5
5. Plants erect; styles 6-9 mm; ovules 4-8 per ovary; se California.
subsp. bernardina
5. Plants ascending, erect, decumbent, or prostrate; styles (4-)4.5-7 mm; ovules (6-)8-16 per ovary; n Arizona, e California, s Nevada, Utah
→ 6
6. Plants prostrate, decumbent, or erect; racemes not or somewhat secund in fruit; ovules usually 8-16 per ovary; n Arizona, e California, s Nevada, Utah.
subsp. latifolia
6. Plants ascending; racemes secund in fruit; ovules (6-)8-12 per ovary; n Utah.
subsp. utahensis
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 645. FNA vol. 7, p. 624.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria
Sibling taxa
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. kingii, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
Subordinate taxa
P. kingii subsp. bernardina, P. kingii subsp. cobrensis, P. kingii subsp. diversifolia, P. kingii subsp. kaibabensis, P. kingii subsp. kingii, P. kingii subsp. latifolia, P. kingii subsp. utahensis
Synonyms Vesicaria kingii, Lesquerella kingii P. acutifolia var. stylosa, P. australis, P. didymocarpa var. australis, P. stylosa
Name authority (S. Watson) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 324. (2002) Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 279. (1901)
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