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spreading bladderpod

Newberry twinpod, Newberry's twinpod

Habit Annuals or biennials; (delicate, wiry); with a fine taproot; pubescent, trichomes (sessile or subsessile), 4–7-rayed, rays distinct, usually furcate, occasionally bifurcate, (smooth to somewhat tuberculate). Perennials; caudex simple or branched, (branches often covered with persistent leaf bases, cespitose); densely (silvery) pubescent, trichomes rays fused at least 1/2 their length.
Stems

simple to several from base, erect, often outer decumbent, (unbranched or branched distally), 1–7 dm.

several from base, ascending to erect (arising laterally, unbranched), 0.5–1(–2.5) dm.

Basal leaves

blade oblanceolate to elliptic, 1.5–8(–11.5) cm, margins lyrate-pinnatifid to dentate or repand, (abaxial surface densely pubescent, adaxial sparsely pubescent).

(ascending to erect, petiole slender);

blade oblanceolate to obovate, 3–8 cm, (base tapering to petiole), margins incised or dentate with broad teeth, (apex acute to obtuse).

Cauline leaves

(proximal petiolate, distal sessile);

blade oblanceolate to oblong, 1–7 cm, margins dentate to repand.

blade linear-oblanceolate to oblanceolate, 1–2 cm, margins entire.

Racemes

loose, (elongated).

dense (elongated or not in fruit, 2.5–8.5(–10) cm).

Flowers

sepals elliptic or broadly ovate, 3–6.5(–8) mm, (median pair slightly thickened apically, cucullate);

petals (yellow to orange), broadly obovate, 6–11 mm, (narrowing gradually to short claw).

sepals (greenish yellow), lanceolate, 6–8.5 mm, (saccate and cucullate);

petals spatulate to narrowly oblanceolate, 7–10(–12) mm.

Fruiting pedicels

(usually divaricate-spreading, sometimes horizontal or shallowly recurved, straight or slightly curved), (7–)10–20(–25) mm, (slender or stout).

(divaricate, straight), 5–11(–15) mm, (rigid, fruits not pendent on arching pedicels).

Fruits

(stipitate or subsessile, gynophore 1–2 mm), globose, subglobose, obpyriform, or obovoid, not or slightly inflated, 3–9 mm;

valves (not retaining seeds after dehiscence), glabrous throughout or sparsely pubescent inside;

replum as wide as or wider than fruit;

ovules 8–20(–28) per ovary;

style 2–4.5 mm.

didymous, sides curved and angular, highly inflated, 6–16 × 8–12 mm, (papery, apical sinus broad and concave);

valves (retaining seeds after dehiscence, distinctly 2-keeled on side away from replum), pubescent, trichomes appressed;

replum linear to linear-lanceolate, as wide as or wider than fruit, apex acute;

ovules 4–8 per ovary;

style 2–9 mm, (usually not exceeding sinus).

Seeds

slightly flattened.

slightly flattened, (ovate).

Physaria gracilis

Physaria newberryi

Distribution
from FNA
AL; IA; IL; KS; LA; MO; MS; OK; TN; TX
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from FNA
AZ; NM; NV; UT
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Physaria newberryi, with its unusual fruits, can be confused with 15. P. chambersii. In P. chambersii, the sides of the fruit are flat, the style always exceeds the top, or shoulders, of the fruit, and shoulders form an angle that does not curve in toward the style. In P. newberryi, the sides of the fruit are concave, the styles are shorter than shoulders of the silicle (except in subsp. yesicola), and shoulders of the silicle form a curved, inward arching crown on the fruit.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems to 7 dm; cauline leaves: blade margins usually deeply dentate, rarely repand; fruits ± sessile, globose or subglobose, 3-6 mm, bases rounded.
subsp. gracilis
1. Stems usually less than 3 dm; cauline leaves: blade margins frequently repand, occasionally dentate; fruits stipitate (gynophore slender), obpyriform to narrowly obovoid, (5-)6-9 mm, bases truncate.
subsp. nuttallii
1. Styles less than 4 mm, shorter than fruit sinuses.
subsp. newberryi
1. Styles 5-9 mm, longer than fruit sinuses.
subsp. yesicola
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 641. FNA vol. 7, p. 652.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria
Sibling taxa
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. grahamii, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. kingii, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. kingii, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
Subordinate taxa
P. gracilis subsp. gracilis, P. gracilis subsp. nuttallii
P. newberryi subsp. newberryi, P. newberryi subsp. yesicola
Synonyms Vesicaria gracilis, Alyssum gracile, Lesquerella gracilis P. didymocarpa var. newberryi
Name authority (Hooker) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 323. (2002) A. Gray: in J. C. Ives, Rep. Colorado R. 4: 6. (1861)
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