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common twinpod, double twinpod, twin bladderpod

White Mountain bladderpod

Habit Perennials; caudex branched, (cespitose); densely pubescent, trichomes (often stalked, appressed to wavy and spreading), several-rayed, rays furcate or simple, (slightly to strongly umbonate, nearly smooth to strongly tuberculate). Perennials; caudex simple or branched; densely pubescent, trichomes (sessile or short-stalked), 6–8-rayed, rays furcate or bifurcate, (tuberculate, less so on outer layers).
Stems

several from base, decumbent, (unbranched, leafy for the genus), ca. 1 dm.

simple or few from base, ascending to erect, (0.5–)1–2(–3.5) dm.

Basal leaves

(forming a strong rosette; long-petiolate);

blade obovate, 1.5–4(–8) cm, (base ± abruptly narrowing to petiole), margins usually repand or dentate, rarely entire, (apex usually angular, surfaces silvery).

(petiole tapering to blade);

blade rhombic to elliptic and irregularly angular, sometimes spatulate to oblanceolate, 1.5–7.5(–10) cm, margins entire.

Cauline leaves

blade oblanceolate, 1–2 cm (width 4–8 mm), margins entire or with occasional tooth, (apex acute).

(not or loosely overlapping, petiolate or distal sessile);

blade spatulate to oblanceolate, 1–4 cm, margins entire.

Racemes

congested, (elongated in fruit, greatly exceeding leaves).

crowded, elongated.

Flowers

sepals lanceolate to oblong, 6–8 mm, (often keeled);

petals spatulate, 10–12 mm.

sepals ovate, oblong, or elliptic 4–7.5 mm, (median pair thickened apically, cucullate);

petals spatulate or broadly cuneate, 6–13 mm, (claw slightly expanded at base).

Fruiting pedicels

(spreading, straight or slightly curved), 8–12 mm.

(ascending, curved or sigmoid), 6–12(–20) mm.

Fruits

(erect), didymous, inflated, 10–20 × 10–20 mm, (papery or firm, basal sinus shallow to deep, sometimes barely notched, apical sinus deep, narrow, usually closed);

valves (retaining seeds after dehiscence), loosely pubescent, trichomes spreading (appearing fuzzy);

replum obovate to broadly oblong, not constricted, 3–4 mm, as wide as or wider than fruit, apex obtuse;

ovules (4–)8 per ovary;

style 7–9 mm.

(substipitate), globose or obovoid to ellipsoid, sometimes slightly obcompressed, 4–9 mm;

valves (not retaining seeds after dehiscence), glabrous throughout;

replum as wide as or wider than fruit;

ovules 4–24 per ovary;

style (2–)4–7 mm.

Seeds

flattened.

flattened.

2n

= 10.

Physaria didymocarpa

Physaria pinetorum

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Scrub oak, pinyon-juniper woodland, open ponderosa pine forests, these sometimes mixed with Douglas fir, white pine, white fir, Engelmann spruce, or Gambel oak, on limestone-derived or otherwise basic soils, often in rock crevices
Elevation 1400-2900 (-3400) m (4600-9500 (-11200) ft)
Distribution
from FNA
ID; MT; WA; WY; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

The characters used to differentiate Physaria didymocarpa from P. saximontana (especially subsp. dentata) appear to be weak at best: whether there are 4 or 8 ovules per ovary and whether the silicle lacks a basal sinus or one is present. There appears to be intergradation in each of those characters. A traditional circumscription of these species is followed here. Further work is needed at both the species and subspecies level in these taxa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Physaria pinetorum with reduced forms are found at high elevations; in disturbed, moist soils plants can become quite large, as in the Manzano Mountains. Densely cespitose plants with crowded racemes not exceeding the basal leaves are found at the crest (3200–3400 m) of the Sandia Mountains, New Mexico. These probably represent an undescribed taxon.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Trichomes spreading throughout; basal leaf blade margins dentate.
subsp. lanata
1. Trichomes appressed (except fruits in subsp. didymocarpa); basal leaf blade margins repand to dentate, ± lyrate or, rarely, entire
→ 2
2. Fruits moderately inflated, trichomes spreading.
subsp. didymocarpa
2. Fruits highly inflated (papery), trichomes appressed.
subsp. lyrata
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 633. FNA vol. 7, p. 658.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria
Sibling taxa
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. kingii, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. kingii, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
Subordinate taxa
P. didymocarpa subsp. didymocarpa, P. didymocarpa subsp. lanata, P. didymocarpa subsp. lyrata
Synonyms Vesicaria didymocarpa, Coulterina didymocarpa Lesquerella pinetorum
Name authority (Hooker) A. Gray: Gen. Amer. Bor. 1: 162. (1848) (Wooton & Standley) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 327. (2002)
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