Physaria didymocarpa |
Physaria kingii |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
common twinpod, double twinpod, twin bladderpod |
King bladderpod, King's bladder-pod |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habit | Perennials; caudex branched, (cespitose); densely pubescent, trichomes (often stalked, appressed to wavy and spreading), several-rayed, rays furcate or simple, (slightly to strongly umbonate, nearly smooth to strongly tuberculate). | Perennials; caudex usually simple, sometimes branched, (not thickened); usually densely pubescent, trichomes (sessile or short-stalked), 3–7-rayed, rays distinct or slightly fused at base, typically furcate near base, bifurcate or 3-partite, (not to slightly umbonate, smooth or moderately to strongly tuberculate). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | several from base, decumbent, (unbranched, leafy for the genus), ca. 1 dm. |
few to several from base, prostrate to decumbent or erect, 0.5–2(–4) dm. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basal leaves | (forming a strong rosette; long-petiolate); blade obovate, 1.5–4(–8) cm, (base ± abruptly narrowing to petiole), margins usually repand or dentate, rarely entire, (apex usually angular, surfaces silvery). |
blade suborbicular to narrowly or broadly oblanceolate to broadly elliptic or rhombic, (1.2–)2–6(–8) cm, (base usually abruptly narrowed to petiole), margins entire, sinuate, or lobed. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cauline leaves | blade oblanceolate, 1–2 cm (width 4–8 mm), margins entire or with occasional tooth, (apex acute). |
(proximal petiolate, distal sessile); blade obovate or elliptic to spatulate, 0.5–2 cm, margins entire. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Racemes | congested, (elongated in fruit, greatly exceeding leaves). |
(usually not secund), dense, (sometimes elongated in fruit). |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flowers | sepals lanceolate to oblong, 6–8 mm, (often keeled); petals spatulate, 10–12 mm. |
sepals lanceolate, 4–6(–7) mm; petals (yellow, cream-yellow, cream-white, or white), obovate to oblanceolate, 6–13 mm, (claw weakly differentiated from blade). |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fruiting pedicels | (spreading, straight or slightly curved), 8–12 mm. |
(erect to divaricate-ascending or recurved, erect in distal 1/3, usually sigmoid, sometimes straight or slightly curved), 4.5–10(–15) mm. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fruits | (erect), didymous, inflated, 10–20 × 10–20 mm, (papery or firm, basal sinus shallow to deep, sometimes barely notched, apical sinus deep, narrow, usually closed); valves (retaining seeds after dehiscence), loosely pubescent, trichomes spreading (appearing fuzzy); replum obovate to broadly oblong, not constricted, 3–4 mm, as wide as or wider than fruit, apex obtuse; ovules (4–)8 per ovary; style 7–9 mm. |
(sessile or substipitate), subglobose, obovoid, or ellipsoid, compressed (sometimes slightly angustiseptate), 3–9 mm, (rigid, apex truncate, retuse, or rounded-acute); valves sparsely or densely pubescent, sometimes sparsely pubescent inside; (septum sometimes fenestrate, perforate, or obsolete); ovules 4–16 per ovary; style 1–9 mm. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seeds | flattened. |
flattened (sometimes slightly). |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Physaria didymocarpa |
Physaria kingii |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
ID; MT; WA; WY; AB; BC
|
AZ; CA; ID; NV; OR; UT; nw Mexico
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discussion | Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). The characters used to differentiate Physaria didymocarpa from P. saximontana (especially subsp. dentata) appear to be weak at best: whether there are 4 or 8 ovules per ovary and whether the silicle lacks a basal sinus or one is present. There appears to be intergradation in each of those characters. A traditional circumscription of these species is followed here. Further work is needed at both the species and subspecies level in these taxa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 7 (7 in the flora). The Physaria kingii complex is in need of further study. It is widespread in the western United States, mostly in montane environments. This treatment recognizes a highly variable species with generally well-marked, geographically coherent subspecies. Hybridization may be involved in some of the subspecies, especially in subsp. kaibabensis, where molecular data indicate intra-individual genetic variation (pers. obs.). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key |
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 633. | FNA vol. 7, p. 645. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria | Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Vesicaria didymocarpa, Coulterina didymocarpa | Vesicaria kingii, Lesquerella kingii | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (Hooker) A. Gray: Gen. Amer. Bor. 1: 162. (1848) | (S. Watson) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 324. (2002) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |