Physaria didymocarpa |
Physaria integrifolia |
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common twinpod, double twinpod, twin bladderpod |
Snake River or creeping twinpod, Snake River twinpod |
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Habit | Perennials; caudex branched, (cespitose); densely pubescent, trichomes (often stalked, appressed to wavy and spreading), several-rayed, rays furcate or simple, (slightly to strongly umbonate, nearly smooth to strongly tuberculate). | Perennials; caudex usually branched, (rhizomelike, cespitose); densely (silvery) pubescent, trichomes (often stalked, appressed), several-rayed, rays furcate or bifurcate, (umbonate, strongly tuberculate throughout). | ||||||||
Stems | several from base, decumbent, (unbranched, leafy for the genus), ca. 1 dm. |
several from base, ± erect, exceeding basal rosette by ± 0.5 dm. |
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Basal leaves | (forming a strong rosette; long-petiolate); blade obovate, 1.5–4(–8) cm, (base ± abruptly narrowing to petiole), margins usually repand or dentate, rarely entire, (apex usually angular, surfaces silvery). |
(forming a strong rosette; long-petiolate); blade oblanceolate to ovate or orbicular, (1.5–)2–4(–8) cm, (base usually abruptly tapering to petiole), margins entire. |
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Cauline leaves | blade oblanceolate, 1–2 cm (width 4–8 mm), margins entire or with occasional tooth, (apex acute). |
blade oblanceolate, 1–2 cm, margin entire, (apex acute). |
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Racemes | congested, (elongated in fruit, greatly exceeding leaves). |
congested, (greatly exceeding leaves). |
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Flowers | sepals lanceolate to oblong, 6–8 mm, (often keeled); petals spatulate, 10–12 mm. |
sepals often keeled, 6–8 mm; petals spatulate, 8–10 mm. |
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Fruiting pedicels | (spreading, straight or slightly curved), 8–12 mm. |
(spreading, straight or slightly curved), 7–11 mm. |
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Fruits | (erect), didymous, inflated, 10–20 × 10–20 mm, (papery or firm, basal sinus shallow to deep, sometimes barely notched, apical sinus deep, narrow, usually closed); valves (retaining seeds after dehiscence), loosely pubescent, trichomes spreading (appearing fuzzy); replum obovate to broadly oblong, not constricted, 3–4 mm, as wide as or wider than fruit, apex obtuse; ovules (4–)8 per ovary; style 7–9 mm. |
didymous, highly inflated, 8–22 × 10–25 mm, (papery, basal and apical sinuses deep); valves (retaining seeds after dehiscence), densely pubescent, trichomes appressed; replum linear to oblong, as wide as or wider than fruit; ovules 8 per ovary; style 7–9 mm. |
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Seeds | flattened. |
flattened. |
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2n | = 16. |
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Physaria didymocarpa |
Physaria integrifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering (May-)Jun–Jul(-Aug). | |||||||||
Habitat | Calcareous hills and slopes, shale-limestone cliffs, bare steep slopes, red clay banks, shale | |||||||||
Elevation | 1900-2700 m (6200-8900 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
ID; MT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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ID; MT; WY |
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Discussion | Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). The characters used to differentiate Physaria didymocarpa from P. saximontana (especially subsp. dentata) appear to be weak at best: whether there are 4 or 8 ovules per ovary and whether the silicle lacks a basal sinus or one is present. There appears to be intergradation in each of those characters. A traditional circumscription of these species is followed here. Further work is needed at both the species and subspecies level in these taxa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Physaria integrifolia has traditionally been recognized as a variety of P. didymocarpa, but it is morphologically and ecologically quite distinctive. Variety monticola (no combination has been made at subspecific rank) is not recognized here; it is considered another example, in the genus, of caudices elongating in response to shifting substrates. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 633. | FNA vol. 7, p. 644. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria | Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Vesicaria didymocarpa, Coulterina didymocarpa | P. didymocarpa var. integrifolia, P. integrifolia var. monticola | ||||||||
Name authority | (Hooker) A. Gray: Gen. Amer. Bor. 1: 162. (1848) | (Rollins) Lichvar: Madroño 31: 203. (1984) | ||||||||
Web links |