Physaria didymocarpa |
Physaria globosa |
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common twinpod, double twinpod, twin bladderpod |
globe bladderpod |
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Habit | Perennials; caudex branched, (cespitose); densely pubescent, trichomes (often stalked, appressed to wavy and spreading), several-rayed, rays furcate or simple, (slightly to strongly umbonate, nearly smooth to strongly tuberculate). | Biennials or perennials; caudex branched, (± woody); densely pubescent, trichomes (sessile), 3–6-rayed, rays distinct and simple or furcate, (in 2 layers, lower layer umbonate, smooth to finely tuberculate, some often with a U-shaped notch). | ||||||||
Stems | several from base, decumbent, (unbranched, leafy for the genus), ca. 1 dm. |
several from base, erect, (arising among leaves of an elongated main axis), to 5 dm (± equal). |
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Basal leaves | (forming a strong rosette; long-petiolate); blade obovate, 1.5–4(–8) cm, (base ± abruptly narrowing to petiole), margins usually repand or dentate, rarely entire, (apex usually angular, surfaces silvery). |
(shortly petiolate); blade obovate to oblanceolate, (1.5–)2.5–5(–6) cm, margins entire, sinuate to shallowly toothed, or pinnatifid. |
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Cauline leaves | blade oblanceolate, 1–2 cm (width 4–8 mm), margins entire or with occasional tooth, (apex acute). |
(sessile or shortly petiolate); blade oblanceolate to oblong, 1.3–3(–4) cm, (base cuneate), margins entire or repand to dentate. |
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Racemes | congested, (elongated in fruit, greatly exceeding leaves). |
dense. |
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Flowers | sepals lanceolate to oblong, 6–8 mm, (often keeled); petals spatulate, 10–12 mm. |
sepals elliptic or obovate, 2.6–4.1 mm, (median pair thickened apically, cucullate); petals (bright yellow), obovate, 3.5–6.5(–7.5) mm, (margins sinuate). |
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Fruiting pedicels | (spreading, straight or slightly curved), 8–12 mm. |
(usually spreading horizontally, straight), 7–14(–21) mm. |
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Fruits | (erect), didymous, inflated, 10–20 × 10–20 mm, (papery or firm, basal sinus shallow to deep, sometimes barely notched, apical sinus deep, narrow, usually closed); valves (retaining seeds after dehiscence), loosely pubescent, trichomes spreading (appearing fuzzy); replum obovate to broadly oblong, not constricted, 3–4 mm, as wide as or wider than fruit, apex obtuse; ovules (4–)8 per ovary; style 7–9 mm. |
(sessile or substipitate); globose, often slightly compressed apically, (1–)2–3 mm; valves sparsely pubescent, sometimes pubescent inside, trichomes spreading, 3–5-rayed; ovules 4 per ovary; style 2–3.5(–4) mm. |
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Seeds | flattened. |
flattened or plump, (often outer surface hemispherical, inner surface flattened, or both surfaces rounded). |
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2n | = 14. |
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Physaria didymocarpa |
Physaria globosa |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | |||||||||
Habitat | Open rocky areas, shale at cliff bases, open talus, ledges, open cedar glades | |||||||||
Elevation | 100-300 m (300-1000 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
ID; MT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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IN; KY; TN |
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Discussion | Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). The characters used to differentiate Physaria didymocarpa from P. saximontana (especially subsp. dentata) appear to be weak at best: whether there are 4 or 8 ovules per ovary and whether the silicle lacks a basal sinus or one is present. There appears to be intergradation in each of those characters. A traditional circumscription of these species is followed here. Further work is needed at both the species and subspecies level in these taxa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Physaria globosa is possibly introduced in Indiana. A report for Ohio was based on a collection by “Jones,” but that specimen cannot be located. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 633. | FNA vol. 7, p. 639. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria | Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Vesicaria didymocarpa, Coulterina didymocarpa | Vesicaria globosa, Alyssum globosum, Alyssum shortii, Lesquerella globosa | ||||||||
Name authority | (Hooker) A. Gray: Gen. Amer. Bor. 1: 162. (1848) | (Desvaux) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 323. (2002) | ||||||||
Web links |