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Bell's or Front Range twinpod, Bell's twinpod, Front Range twinpod

Graham's twinpod

Habit Perennials; caudex simple, (relatively large); densely (silvery) pubescent, trichomes (sessile, appressed), rays furcate, fused at base. Perennials; caudex branched, (thick, cespitose); densely pubescent, trichomes rays (appressed on leaves, ascending on pedicels and fruits), distinct, furcate or bifurcate.
Stems

simple from base, decumbent to nearly prostrate, 0.5–1.3 dm.

several from base, decumbent to erect or ascending (unbranched), 1–2.5 dm.

Basal leaves

(strongly rosulate; shortly petiolate);

blade broadly obovate, 1.5–7.5 (width 7.5–26 mm, base gradually tapering to petiole), margins shallowly dentate, (apex obtuse).

(outer ones spreading, inner erect or ascending);

blade ovate, often broadly so, 4–7 cm, margins repand to lyrate-lobed.

Cauline leaves

blade oblanceolate to broadly obovate, 1–2.5 cm, margins entire.

similar to basal, blade oblanceolate or narrowly oblong, reduced in size, (base gibbous).

Racemes

dense.

loose, (elongated).

Flowers

sepals (pale yellow or yellow-green), narrowly lanceolate to narrowly deltate, 4–8 mm;

petals yellow, broadly spatulate to obovate, 9–13 mm, (not clawed).

sepals lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 5.8–7.2 mm;

petals (erect, sometime purplish or drying purple), narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, 7–10 mm, (not or weakly clawed).

Fruiting pedicels

(divaricate-ascending to widely spreading, slightly sigmoid to curved), 7–12 mm.

(ascending to divaricate-ascending, sigmoid to nearly straight), 10–17 mm.

Fruits

didymous, slightly flattened (contrary to replum) to uncompressed, 4–9 × 2–8 mm, (strongly coriaceous, apical and basal sinuses narrow, deep);

valves (retaining seeds after dehiscence), pubescent, trichomes appressed;

replum narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly linear-oblong, as wide as or wider than fruit, apex obtuse;

ovules 4 per ovary;

style more than 3 mm.

didymous, globose or subglobose, inflated, 10–13 mm, (papery, basal and apical sinuses deep);

valves (retaining seeds after dehiscence), pubescent, trichomes ascending, appearing fuzzy;

replum oblong to oblanceolate, as wide as or wider than fruit, apex obtuse;

ovules 4 per ovary;

style (4–)5–7 mm.

Seeds

compressed.

plump, (suborbicular).

2n

= 8.

Physaria bellii

Physaria grahamii

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun(-Jul). Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Dark shale, road cuts, ridge crests, washes Sagebrush, pinyon-juniper, ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, limber pine communities on clay, or a mixture of shale fragments and clay
Elevation 1500-1800 m (4900-5900 ft) 2100-2900 m (6900-9500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
UT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Physaria bellii is often found in shale and limestone soils of the Fountain/Ingleside, Lykins, Niobrara, and Pierre formations. It is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Physaria grahamii is difficult to evaluate due to the paucity of collections. The tentative recognition by N. H. Holmgren (2005b) is followed here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 628. FNA vol. 7, p. 642.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria
Sibling taxa
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. kingii, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
P. acutifolia, P. alpestris, P. alpina, P. angustifolia, P. arctica, P. arenosa, P. argyraea, P. arizonica, P. aurea, P. bellii, P. brassicoides, P. calcicola, P. calderi, P. carinata, P. chambersii, P. cinerea, P. condensata, P. congesta, P. cordiformis, P. curvipes, P. densiflora, P. didymocarpa, P. dornii, P. douglasii, P. eburniflora, P. engelmannii, P. eriocarpa, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. floribunda, P. fremontii, P. garrettii, P. geyeri, P. globosa, P. gooddingii, P. gordonii, P. gracilis, P. hemiphysaria, P. hitchcockii, P. humilis, P. integrifolia, P. intermedia, P. kingii, P. klausii, P. lata, P. lepidota, P. lesicii, P. lindheimeri, P. ludoviciana, P. macrocarpa, P. mcvaughiana, P. montana, P. multiceps, P. navajoensis, P. nelsonii, P. newberryi, P. obcordata, P. obdeltata, P. occidentalis, P. oregona, P. ovalifolia, P. pachyphylla, P. pallida, P. parviflora, P. parvula, P. pendula, P. pinetorum, P. prostrata, P. pruinosa, P. pulvinata, P. purpurea, P. pycnantha, P. rectipes, P. recurvata, P. reediana, P. rollinsii, P. saximontana, P. scrotiformis, P. sessilis, P. spatulata, P. subumbellata, P. tenella, P. thamnophila, P. tumulosa, P. valida, P. vicina, P. vitulifera
Synonyms P. acutifolia var. purpurea, P. acutifolia var. repanda, P. repanda
Name authority G. A. Mulligan: Canad. J. Bot. 44: 1662, fig. 1, plate 1, fig. 3. (1966) C. V. Morton: Ann. Carnegie Mus. 26: 220. (1937)
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