Physaria acutifolia |
Physaria hitchcockii |
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double bladderpod, pointleaf twinpod, Rydberg's twinpod, sharpleaf twinpod |
Hitchcock's bladderpod |
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Habit | Perennials; caudex branched, (sometimes forming a thick crown, cespitose); (silvery) pubescent throughout, trichomes several-rayed, rays furcate, (moderately tuberculate, rays weakly so). | Perennials; (forming loose mats); caudex (buried), branched; densely pubescent, trichomes (short-stalked), 4–6-rayed, rays distinct, bifurcate, (rough-tuberculate). | ||||||||
Stems | several from base, usually somewhat decumbent, (unbranched), (0.4–)0.5–2 dm. |
few to several from base, prostrate to erect or spreading, 0.05–0.5(–1.2) dm. |
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Basal leaves | (petiole slender, often narrowly winged); blade obovate to orbicular or rhombic-orbicular, 2–9 cm, (base abruptly narrowed to petiole), margins usually entire, rarely with few scattered teeth, (apex rounded or obtuse, sometimes with apical mucro). |
(petiole and blade differentiated or not); blade spatulate to elliptic or linear or narrowly oblanceolate, 0.5–1.5(–2.5) cm, margins entire. |
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Cauline leaves | blade spatulate to oblanceolate, 1–3 cm, margins entire, (apex usually obtuse). |
similar to basal, smaller. |
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Racemes | loose, (elongated in fruit). |
dense. |
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Flowers | sepals linear-oblong, 4–7.5 mm; petals spatulate, 6–11 mm. |
sepals narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, 2.8–6 mm; petals (pale to deep yellow), narrowly lanceolate to oblanceolate, 5–9 mm, (claw undifferentiated from blade). |
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Fruiting pedicels | (divaricate, slightly sigmoid or nearly straight), 6–12 mm. |
(ascending, straight or slightly curved), 2–6 mm. |
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Fruits | (erect), didymous, suborbicular, inflated, (4–)6–15 × (4–)8–20 mm, (papery, basal and apical sinuses similar, basal rarely shallower, apical deep, narrow and closed or nearly so); valves retaining seeds after dehiscence, pubescent, trichomes appressed; replum oblong, constricted, 2–3.5 mm, narrower than fruit, apex obtuse; ovules (2 or) 4 per ovary; style 4–6(–9) mm. |
(sessile or substipitate), globose or subglobose to obovoid, not or slightly inflated, 3–6 mm, (firm, apex acute); valves (reddish in age, not retaining seeds after dehiscence), glabrous throughout; replum as wide as or wider than fruit; ovules 4–8 per ovary; style 1.7–6 mm. |
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Seeds | (dark brown), flattened, (2–3 mm). |
flattened. |
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2n | = 10, 16, 24. |
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Physaria acutifolia |
Physaria hitchcockii |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun(-Jul). | |||||||||
Habitat | Hillsides, roadcuts, sagebrush, pinyon-juniper, Gambel oak, ponderosa pine communities | |||||||||
Elevation | 1500-3500 m (4900-11500 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AZ; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; SD; UT; WY
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NV; UT |
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Discussion | Physaria acutifolia tends to be somewhat dwarfed, with a branched caudex and especially long styles (var. stylosa), where it grows at high elevations, especially at the western end of the Uinta Mountains in Utah. Intermediates form an uninterrupted cline and no infraspecific taxa are here recognized. In R. C. Rollins (1939), the discussion of P. acutifolia actually pertains to P. rollinsii. The discussion of P. australis pertains to what is now known as P. acutifolia. The plants are usually found in open soil patches, rarely into the subalpine or alpine tundra. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). The taxonomic treatment of Physaria hitchcockii has varied widely over the years. Molecular study (pers. obs.) has shown no direct relationship to P. tumulosa; morphologically, though, P. navajoensis and P. tumulosa appear closely related. Infraspecific taxonomy is based on the presence of a discernable petiole and whether or not the caudex is elastically elongated. The subspecies recognized here are usually geographically coherent, except that collections from the Table Cliff Plateau are more similar to subsp. hitchcockii, disjunct in Nevada, than they are to the very nearly sympatric subsp. rubicundula. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 624. | FNA vol. 7, p. 643. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria | Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae > Physaria | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | P. acutifolia var. stylosa, P. australis, P. didymocarpa var. australis, P. stylosa | Lesquerella hitchcockii | ||||||||
Name authority | Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 279. (1901) | (Munz) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 324. (2002) | ||||||||
Web links |