Physalis crassifolia |
Physalis cordata |
|
---|---|---|
thick leaf ground cherry, yellow nightshade groundcherry |
heartleaf groundcherry |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, becoming suffrutescent, rhizomatous, rhizomes often just below soil surface, vertical, stout, puberulent, hairs divergent, to 0.5 mm, some glandular, appearing ± glabrous without magnification. | Herbs annual, taprooted, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, hairs simple, appressed, to 0.5 mm. |
Stems | erect, branching from near base and at most nodes, branches widely spreading, distinctly zigzag, slender, 1–4(–10) dm. |
erect, branching at most nodes, branches spreading, 1.5–5(–20) dm. |
Leaves | petiolate; petiole mostly as long as blade; blade broadly ovate to deltate, 0.8–3.3(–4.5) × 0.8–3.3(–4.5) cm, base cordate, sometimes slightly unequal, margins entire to unevenly coarsely dentate, sometimes thick and slightly succulent. |
petiolate; petiole 2/3 to as long as blade; blade broadly ovate to orbiculate, 4.5–8.5 × 3.5–7.5 cm, base rounded to truncate or cordate, margins coarsely dentate, teeth 10+ per side. |
Pedicels | 8–24(–33) mm, (11–)14–30(–35) mm in fruit. |
(4.5–)6–11 mm, (10–)15–35 mm in fruit. |
Flowers | calyx (3–)4–7(–8) mm, lobes 1–3 mm; corolla pale yellow with yellow or greenish-brown smudges or tinge, campanulate-rotate, 8–14 mm; anthers yellow, not twisted after dehiscence, 1.5–3 mm. |
calyx 3.5–6.5 mm, lobes lanceolate, 2–4.5 mm; corolla yellow with 5 large purple-brown-black spots, campanulate-rotate, 6.5–9.5 mm; anthers blue or blue-tinged, not twisted after dehiscence, 1.5–2.5 mm. |
Fruiting calyces | loosely enclosing berry, 10-ribbed, 14–30(–40) × (10–)15–20(–25) mm. |
loosely enclosing berry, sharply 5-angled, (25–)30–40 × 20–30 mm. |
2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
Physalis crassifolia |
Physalis cordata |
|
Phenology | Flowering year-round in areas without frost, mostly Mar–Apr. | Flowering Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Gravelly or sandy slopes, washes, roadsides, mesas, canyons. | Sandy or clay soils, along streams, pine woods, disturbed habitats. |
Elevation | 100–1700 m. (300–5600 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Sonora) [Introduced in Australia]
|
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; Bermuda; South America (to Brazil) [Introduced in Asia] |
Discussion | In Physalis crassifolia, the corolla limb is widely flaring and reflexed when the flower is fully open, and the flowers are more nodding than fully pendent. Some herbarium specimen labels indicate that plants flower the first year. Physalis greenei Vasey & Rose, not validly published, has been misapplied to some representatives of P. crassifolia. Physalis crassifolia is widespread in Arizona, but it is restricted in California to south-southeastern counties as far north as Inyo, in Nevada to Clark and Lincoln counties, and in Utah to Washington County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Herbarium specimens of Physalis cordata often consist of only the distal portions of the plants, with label data stating that they are quite tall. The upper limit in this description is taken from M. Martínez (1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. |
Parent taxa | Solanaceae > Physalis | Solanaceae > Physalis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. crassifolia var. cardiophylla, P. crassifolia var. versicolor, P. versicolor | |
Name authority | Bentham: Bot. Voy. Sulphur, 40. (1844) | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Physalis no. 14. (1768) |
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