Phyllanthus abnormis |
Phyllanthus tenellus |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
abnormal leaflower, Drummond's leaf-flower |
Mascarene Island leaf-flower |
|||||
Habit | Herbs, annual, sometimes becoming woody and then appearing to be perennial, monoecious, 1–5 dm; branching phyllanthoid. | Herbs, annual, monoecious, 2–5 dm; branching phyllanthoid. | ||||
Stems | main stems persistent, terete, not winged, glabrous or scabridulous; ultimate branchlets deciduous, subterete, not winged, glabrous or scabridulous. |
main stems terete, not winged, glabrous or scabridulous; ultimate branchlets subterete, not winged, glabrous or scabridulous. |
||||
Leaves | on main stems spiral, scalelike; stipules not auriculate, pale reddish brown.; leaves on ultimate branchlets distichous, well developed; stipules not auriculate, greenish white; blade elliptic to oblong, 3–10 × 1–4 mm, base cuneate to subcordate, apex obtuse to emarginate, both surfaces glabrous or scabridulous. |
on main stems spiral, scalelike; stipules not auriculate, reddish brown.; leaves on ultimate branchlets distichous, well developed; stipules not auriculate, pale green or pink with paler margins; blade elliptic to obovate, 6–25 × 4–11 mm, base acute to rounded, apex acute to obtuse, both surfaces glabrous. |
||||
Inflorescences | cymules, proximal staminate with 2 flowers, distal bisexual with 1 pistillate flower and 1–3 staminate flowers. |
cymules or flowers solitary, proximal bisexual with 1–2 pistillate flowers and 2–3 staminate flowers, distal with 1 pistillate flower. |
||||
Pedicels | staminate 0.7–1.5 mm, pistillate spreading in fruit, (1–)1.5–3(–3.5) mm. |
staminate 0.5–1.5 mm, pistillate flexuous, capillary, and pendent in fruit, (2.5–)3–8 mm. |
||||
Staminate flowers | sepals 5–6 in basal cymules, 4 in distal cymules, pale yellowish green, sometimes suffused with red, flat, 0.5–1 mm; nectary extrastaminal, 4(–6) glands; stamens 2(–3 in basal cymules), filaments connate throughout. |
sepals 5, white except green midrib, flat, 0.4–0.7 mm; nectary extrastaminal, 5 glands; stamens 5, filaments distinct. |
||||
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5–6, green with nearly white margins, flat, (0.5–)0.7–1.1 mm, 1-veined; nectary 3 glands (2-fid distally, thus resembling 6 glands). |
sepals 5, white except green midrib, flat, 0.6–0.8 mm, 1-veined; nectary annular, unlobed. |
||||
Capsules | 2.3–2.7 mm diam., smooth. |
1.7–1.9 mm diam., smooth. |
||||
Seeds | uniformly brown, 1.1–1.5 mm, longitudinally ribbed. |
uniformly brown, 0.8–0.9 mm, evenly papillate. |
||||
2n | = 26. |
|||||
Phyllanthus abnormis |
Phyllanthus tenellus |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring–fall (year-round in southern areas). | |||||
Habitat | Fields, gardens, roadsides, other disturbed areas, especially with sandy soils. | |||||
Elevation | 10–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
FL; NM; OK; TX; ne Mexico
|
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TN; TX; VA; Asia; Africa; Indian Ocean Islands [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, South America, Atlantic Islands (Macaronesia), Pacific Islands, Australia]
|
||||
Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Phyllanthus tenellus is easily recognized by its long, capillary pistillate pedicels that are flexuous and pendent in fruit; it is native to the Mascarene Islands and perhaps to eastern Africa, other western Indian Ocean Islands, and the Arabian Peninsula, and is widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. It appears to have been introduced into Florida in the 1920s and is continuing to spread. Phyllanthus tenellus has been reported from Arkansas (E. Sundell et al. 1999) and California as a nursery weed (G. F. Hrusa, pers. comm.), and from Oklahoma in flower beds (B. W. Hoagland, pers. comm.), and may be expected to become naturalized in those states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 343. | FNA vol. 12, p. 340. | ||||
Parent taxa | Phyllanthaceae > Phyllanthus | Phyllanthaceae > Phyllanthus | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Baillon: Adansonia 1: 42. (1860) | Roxburgh: Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 668. (1832) | ||||
Web links |