Phyllanthus abnormis |
Phyllanthus pentaphyllus |
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abnormal leaflower, Drummond's leaf-flower |
fivepetal leaf-flower |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, sometimes becoming woody and then appearing to be perennial, monoecious, 1–5 dm; branching phyllanthoid. | Herbs, perennial, with woody caudex, dioecious or monoecious, often staminate and pistillate flowers on separate branchlets, 0.5–3 dm; branching phyllanthoid. | ||||
Stems | main stems persistent, terete, not winged, glabrous or scabridulous; ultimate branchlets deciduous, subterete, not winged, glabrous or scabridulous. |
main stems and ultimate branchlets terete, not winged, usually glabrous, rarely scabridulous. |
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Leaves | on main stems spiral, scalelike; stipules not auriculate, pale reddish brown.; leaves on ultimate branchlets distichous, well developed; stipules not auriculate, greenish white; blade elliptic to oblong, 3–10 × 1–4 mm, base cuneate to subcordate, apex obtuse to emarginate, both surfaces glabrous or scabridulous. |
on main stems spiral, scalelike; stipules auriculate, dark brown.; leaves on ultimate branchlets distichous, well developed; stipules not auriculate, pale brown to brown; blade elliptic or obovate to suborbiculate, 2–8 × 1–5 mm, base acute to rounded, apex obtuse to rounded and apiculate, both surfaces glabrous or abaxial scabridulous. |
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Inflorescences | cymules, proximal staminate with 2 flowers, distal bisexual with 1 pistillate flower and 1–3 staminate flowers. |
cymules or flowers solitary, unisexual, staminate distributed along branchlet, with (10–)15–20 flowers, pistillate distributed along branchlet or distal, with 1 flower. |
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Pedicels | staminate 0.7–1.5 mm, pistillate spreading in fruit, (1–)1.5–3(–3.5) mm. |
staminate 0.3–0.8 mm, pistillate spreading in fruit, (1–)1.2–1.8(–2.1) mm. |
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Staminate flowers | sepals 5–6 in basal cymules, 4 in distal cymules, pale yellowish green, sometimes suffused with red, flat, 0.5–1 mm; nectary extrastaminal, 4(–6) glands; stamens 2(–3 in basal cymules), filaments connate throughout. |
sepals 5, pale yellow to white, flat, 0.7–0.8 mm; nectary extrastaminal, 5 glands; stamens 2, filaments connate 2/3 length. |
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Pistillate flowers | sepals 5–6, green with nearly white margins, flat, (0.5–)0.7–1.1 mm, 1-veined; nectary 3 glands (2-fid distally, thus resembling 6 glands). |
sepals 5, green with broad white margins, flat, (0.7–)0.9–1.2 mm, obscurely veined; nectary annular, 5-lobed. |
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Capsules | 2.3–2.7 mm diam., smooth. |
1.7–1.9 mm diam., smooth. |
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Seeds | uniformly brown, 1.1–1.5 mm, longitudinally ribbed. |
uniformly brown, 0.8–0.9 mm, longitudinally ribbed. |
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2n | = 52. |
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Phyllanthus abnormis |
Phyllanthus pentaphyllus |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting year-round. | |||||
Habitat | Rocky pinelands on limestone. | |||||
Elevation | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
FL; NM; OK; TX; ne Mexico
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FL; West Indies (Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola) |
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
G. L. Webster (1955, 1970) treated the Florida plants of Phyllanthus pentaphyllus as var. floridanus, distinguishing them from those of the West Indies based on the former being dioecious or at least having branchlets that produce flowers of only one sex, and the latter being monoecious with each branchlet bearing both staminate and pistillate flowers. However, he acknowledged that dioecious individuals are found in Cuba and that the distinction between the varieties was weak (Webster 1955, 1956–58). Examination of additional specimens shows that plants with monoecious branchlets are not uncommon in Florida and that dioecious plants are found in both Cuba and the Bahamas; therefore, var. floridanus is not recognized here. G. L. Webster (1955) treated Phyllanthus polycladus Urban of Puerto Rico and the Lesser Antilles as a subspecies of P. pentaphyllus. These taxa seem amply different in habit, leaf blade shape and texture, and pistillate nectary shape, and are here considered separate species. Phyllanthus pentaphyllus in the flora area is restricted to Miami-Dade and Monroe counties, where its rocky pineland habitat is threatened by development. Variety floridanus, when recognized, is regarded as threatened. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 343. | FNA vol. 12, p. 344. | ||||
Parent taxa | Phyllanthaceae > Phyllanthus | Phyllanthaceae > Phyllanthus | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | P. pentaphyllus var. floridanus | |||||
Name authority | Baillon: Adansonia 1: 42. (1860) | C. Wright ex Grisebach: Nachr. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Georg-Augusts-Univ. 1865: 167. (1865) | ||||
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