Phyllanthus abnormis |
Phyllanthus amarus |
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abnormal leaflower, Drummond's leaf-flower |
carry me seed, Dixie leafflower, gale of wind |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, sometimes becoming woody and then appearing to be perennial, monoecious, 1–5 dm; branching phyllanthoid. | Herbs, annual, monoecious, 1–5 dm; branching phyllanthoid. | ||||
Stems | main stems persistent, terete, not winged, glabrous or scabridulous; ultimate branchlets deciduous, subterete, not winged, glabrous or scabridulous. |
main stems terete, not winged, glabrous; ultimate branchlets subterete, not winged, glabrous or slightly scabridulous proximally. |
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Leaves | on main stems spiral, scalelike; stipules not auriculate, pale reddish brown.; leaves on ultimate branchlets distichous, well developed; stipules not auriculate, greenish white; blade elliptic to oblong, 3–10 × 1–4 mm, base cuneate to subcordate, apex obtuse to emarginate, both surfaces glabrous or scabridulous. |
on main stems spiral, scalelike; stipules not auriculate, pale brown.; leaves on ultimate branchlets distichous, well developed; stipules not auriculate, pale green with pale brown margins; blade elliptic-oblong to obovate, 5–11 × 3–6 mm, base obtuse or rounded, apex obtuse to rounded, often apiculate, both surfaces glabrous. |
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Inflorescences | cymules, proximal staminate with 2 flowers, distal bisexual with 1 pistillate flower and 1–3 staminate flowers. |
cymules or flowers solitary, proximal staminate with 1–2 flowers, distal bisexual with 1 pistillate flower and 1 staminate flower. |
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Pedicels | staminate 0.7–1.5 mm, pistillate spreading in fruit, (1–)1.5–3(–3.5) mm. |
staminate 0.6–1.3 mm, pistillate spreading in fruit, (1–)1.2–2 mm. |
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Staminate flowers | sepals 5–6 in basal cymules, 4 in distal cymules, pale yellowish green, sometimes suffused with red, flat, 0.5–1 mm; nectary extrastaminal, 4(–6) glands; stamens 2(–3 in basal cymules), filaments connate throughout. |
sepals 5(–6), pale green, flat, 0.3–0.6 mm; nectary extrastaminal, 5 glands; stamens (2–)3, filaments connate throughout. |
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Pistillate flowers | sepals 5–6, green with nearly white margins, flat, (0.5–)0.7–1.1 mm, 1-veined; nectary 3 glands (2-fid distally, thus resembling 6 glands). |
sepals (5–)6, green with broad pale green to white margins, flat, 0.8–1.1 mm, 1-veined; nectary annular, 5(–7)-lobed. |
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Capsules | 2.3–2.7 mm diam., smooth. |
1.9–2.1 mm diam., smooth. |
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Seeds | uniformly brown, 1.1–1.5 mm, longitudinally ribbed. |
uniformly brown, 0.9–1 mm, longitudinally ribbed. |
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2n | = 52 (Jamaica). |
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Phyllanthus abnormis |
Phyllanthus amarus |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting year-round. | |||||
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, gardens, other disturbed areas. | |||||
Elevation | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
FL; NM; OK; TX; ne Mexico
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FL; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Asia, Africa, Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia] |
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Phyllanthus amarus, a pantropical weed, appears to be native to the American tropics. In the flora area, it is naturalized only in southern Florida, where it apparently was introduced sometime in the second half of the nineteenth century. It has been found in nursery stock in California (G. F. Hrusa, pers. comm.) and may become naturalized there. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 343. | FNA vol. 12, p. 342. | ||||
Parent taxa | Phyllanthaceae > Phyllanthus | Phyllanthaceae > Phyllanthus | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Baillon: Adansonia 1: 42. (1860) | Schumacher & Thonning: in H. C. F. Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl., 421. (1827) | ||||
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