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abnormal leaflower, Drummond's leaf-flower

otaheite or Tahitian gooseberry tree, Tahitian gooseberry tree

Habit Herbs, annual, sometimes becoming woody and then appearing to be perennial, monoecious, 1–5 dm; branching phyllanthoid. Trees, monoecious, 20–100 dm; branching phyllanthoid.
Stems

main stems persistent, terete, not winged, glabrous or scabridulous; ultimate branchlets deciduous, subterete, not winged, glabrous or scabridulous.

main stems and ultimate branchlets terete, not winged, glabrous.

Leaves

on main stems spiral, scalelike;

stipules not auriculate, pale reddish brown.;

leaves on ultimate branchlets distichous, well developed;

stipules not auriculate, greenish white;

blade elliptic to oblong, 3–10 × 1–4 mm, base cuneate to subcordate, apex obtuse to emarginate, both surfaces glabrous or scabridulous.

on main stems deciduous, spiral, scalelike;

stipules not auriculate, dark brown.;

leaves on ultimate branchlets deciduous with branchlets, distichous, well developed;

stipules not auriculate, dark brown;

blade broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, (40–)50–90 × (20–)25–45 mm, base obtuse or rounded, apex acute, both surfaces glabrous.

Inflorescences

cymules, proximal staminate with 2 flowers, distal bisexual with 1 pistillate flower and 1–3 staminate flowers.

cymules on leafless short shoots, on old wood bisexual with 1–9 pistillate flowers and 25–40 staminate flowers, on new growth bisexual on proximal shoots with 1–2 pistillate flowers and 8–12 staminate flowers, staminate on distal shoots with 8–12 flowers.

Pedicels

staminate 0.7–1.5 mm, pistillate spreading in fruit, (1–)1.5–3(–3.5) mm.

staminate 1.5–3 mm, pistillate spreading in fruit, 2.3–5(–6) mm.

Staminate flowers

sepals 5–6 in basal cymules, 4 in distal cymules, pale yellowish green, sometimes suffused with red, flat, 0.5–1 mm;

nectary extrastaminal, 4(–6) glands;

stamens 2(–3 in basal cymules), filaments connate throughout.

sepals 4, reddish purple with pink to white margins, flat, 1.1–1.4(–1.5) mm;

nectary extrastaminal, 4 glands;

stamens (3–)4, filaments distinct.

Pistillate flowers

sepals 5–6, green with nearly white margins, flat, (0.5–)0.7–1.1 mm, 1-veined;

nectary 3 glands (2-fid distally, thus resembling 6 glands).

sepals 4, green to reddish purple with pink to white margins, flat, (1–)1.2–1.4 mm, 1-veined;

nectary annular, 4-lobed.

Capsules

2.3–2.7 mm diam., smooth.

Drupes

greenish yellow to white, (12–)15–20(–25) mm diam., smooth.

Seeds

uniformly brown, 1.1–1.5 mm, longitudinally ribbed.

uniformly brown, 3.3–3.5 mm, smooth.

2n

= 26 (West Indies).

Phyllanthus abnormis

Phyllanthus acidus

Phenology Flowering and fruiting year-round.
Habitat Disturbed sites.
Elevation 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; NM; OK; TX; ne Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; South America (Brazil) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Central America, elsewhere in South America, Asia, Africa]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Phyllanthus acidus is widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics for its edible drupes. In the flora area, it is known sparingly from Collier and Monroe counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Pistillate nectary glands strongly unequal, spatulate, as long as or longer than broad; leaf blades glabrous on both surfaces or sparsely to moderately scabridulous abaxially; bisexual cymules with 1 staminate flower.
var. abnormis
1. Pistillate nectary glands subequal, reniform, broader than long; leaf blades densely scabridulous on both surfaces; bisexual cymules with 1–3 staminate flowers.
var. riograndensis
Source FNA vol. 12, p. 343. FNA vol. 12, p. 341.
Parent taxa Phyllanthaceae > Phyllanthus Phyllanthaceae > Phyllanthus
Sibling taxa
P. acidus, P. amarus, P. angustifolius, P. caroliniensis, P. ericoides, P. evanescens, P. fluitans, P. fraternus, P. liebmannianus, P. niruri, P. pentaphyllus, P. polygonoides, P. tenellus, P. urinaria, P. warnockii
P. abnormis, P. amarus, P. angustifolius, P. caroliniensis, P. ericoides, P. evanescens, P. fluitans, P. fraternus, P. liebmannianus, P. niruri, P. pentaphyllus, P. polygonoides, P. tenellus, P. urinaria, P. warnockii
Subordinate taxa
P. abnormis var. abnormis, P. abnormis var. riograndensis
Synonyms Averrhoa acida, Cicca acida, C. disticha
Name authority Baillon: Adansonia 1: 42. (1860) (Linnaeus) Skeels: U.S.D.A. Bur. Pl. Industr. Bull. 148: 17. (1909) — (as acida)
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